CKD

Question 1

What are the classes of causes of CKD in kids?

Answer 1

Congenital
Hereditary
Acquired

Question 2

What are some congenital causes of CKD?

Answer 2

Reflux nephropathy

Dysplasia

Question 3

Whatare some hereditary causes of CKD?

Answer 3

Cystic kidney disease- developmental, congenital or acquired

Question 4

What is an acquired cause of CKD in kids?

Answer 4

Glomerulonephritis

Question 5

What are the congenital types of cystic kidney disease?

Answer 5

Autosomal dominant- most common, doesn’t present until later
Autosoma recessive- systemic hypertension with progression to end stage by age 15
Juvenile familial neohronopthitis

Question 6

What investigations are done for CKD in kids?

Answer 6

Bloods- FBC, U&Es, LFTs, eGFR, antibodies, protein and albumin
Urinalysis
Imaging- US, XR, CT/MRI

Question 7

What is the management of CKD in children?

Answer 7

Manage contributing factors- low K and phosphate diet, avoid hypercalcaemia
Manage symptoms
Treat complications

Question 8

What are some complications of CKD?

Answer 8

Acidosis, anaemia
Cone disease
CV disease
Death/dialysis
Electrolyte imbalance
Fluid overload
Gout
Hypertension