LRTI Flashcards
What is bronchitis?
Very common and largely self limiting infection of bronchi
What causes bronchitis?
H. influenzae
What is the presentation of bronchitis?
Loose, rattly cough productive of mucus
Chest free of wheeze/creps
What are the red flags n bronchitis?
<6 months, >4 years Static weight Disruton to life Associated SOB Acute admission Other co-morbidities
What is the management of bronchitis?
Self limiting
Severe= antibiotics
What causes bronchiolitis?
What is bronchiolitis?
Usually RSV- respiratory syncytial virus
Parainfluenza, HMPV..
Infection of bronchioles
Most common cause severe LRTI in <1yo
What is the presentation of bronchiolitis?
Coryza preceeding Dry cough Tachypnoea Poor feeding Crackles +/- wheeze
What is the management of bronchiolitis?
Supportive
What are the common causes of bacterial pneumonia?
Strep pneumonia
Group B strep in neonates
H. influenza- in pre or un vaccinated children
What is the most common viral cause of pneumonia?
RSV
What is the presentation of pneumonia?
Wet and productive cough Fever >38.5 Tachypnea, tachycardia, increased work of breathing Bronchial breath sounds Focal coarse crackles Dullness to percussion
What investigations are done for pneumonia?
Sputum cultures
Throat swab for viral PCR
CXR- not essential
Blood cultures if pyrexial
What is the management of pneumonia?
1= amoxicillin 2= add clairythromycin (or just clairythromycin if penicillin allergic)
Who is viral induced wheeze seen in?
Common <3yo
What is the pathophysiology of viral induced wheeze?
Viral infection –> inflammation and oedema –> restriction of airflow
