Other GI Flashcards
What are some causes of abdominal pain in children?
Appendicitis Mesenteric adenitis Constipation Functional Abdo migraine Peritonitis GAstroenteritis IBS
Who is appendicitis seen in?
Rare before school age
What is the presentation of appendicitis?
Murphy’s triad- pain, vomiting, fever
Often atypical
Looks generally unwell
What is the pain in appendicitis?
Starts generalised and moves to McBurny’s point
What is the management of appendicitis?
Analgesia, antibiotics
Surgery
What are the complications of appendicitis?
Abscess
Mass
Peritonitis
What is mesenteric adenitis?
Inflammation of mesenteric lymph nodes causing pain
When does mesenteric adenitis occur?
With/following viral URTI
What is the presentation of mesenteric adenitis?
Central abdo pain
URTI
High temperature
Not very unwell
What is the management of mesenteric adenitis?
Conservative
Self limiting
What is oesophageal atresia?
Oesophagus ends in blind ended pouch
What is oesophageal atresia associated with?
Tracheo-oesophageal fistula
Polyhydramnios
What is the presentation of oesophageal atresia?
Choking
Cyanotic spells
What is associated with duodenal atresia?
Down’s
When does duodenal atresia present?
Few hours after birth
What is the presentation of duodenal atresia?
Bilious vimting
What investigation is done for duodenal atresia?
AXR- double bubble sign
What is the management of duodenal atresia?
Duodenoduodenostomy
What causes juvenal atresia?
Vascular insufficiency in utero
What is the presentation of jejunal atresia?
Bilious vomiting in forst 24 hours
What is the investigation of jejunal atresia?
AXR- fluid levels
What is the management of jejunal atresia?
Laparotomy with primary resection and anastomosis
What is associated with umbilical hernia?
Low birthweight
Prematurity
Down’s
Hypothyroid
What is the management of umbilical hernia?
Monitor- spontaneous closure in 90% between 12 months and 3 years
Repair if- complications or >4 years
Complications rare
What causes an epigastric hernia?
Defect in linea alba above umbilicus causing protrusion of preperitoneal fat
What is the presentation and management of an epigastric hernia?
Age 2-3
Cosmetic surgery only
Self limiting
Who is inguinal hernia seen in?
Common
M>F
What is the management of inguinal hernia?
<1 year= urgent repair
>1 year= elective repair
Herniotomy without mesh
Why are inguinal hernias repaired emergently in <1 year?
High risk strangulation
What is gastroschisis?
Abdo wall defect causing gut to be eviscerated and exposed
What is the management of gastroschisis?
Urgent repair
TPN
What is exomphalos?
Umbilical defect causing protrusion of abdominal contents into covered viscera
What is exomphalos associated with?
Cardiac
Chromosomal
Renal
Neuro
What is the management and prognosis of exomphalos?
Gradual closure
Very poor prognosis due to associated conditions and complications
