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Paeds AM > Penile and testicular conditions > Flashcards

Penile and testicular conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is an absolute indication for circumcision?

A

BAlanitis xerotica obliterates BXO- scarring condition of foreskin

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2
Q

What are some relative indications for circumcision?

A

Balanoprosthetis
Recurrent UTI
Phimosis
Religious/cultural- not covered on NHS

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3
Q

What are some suggested advantages of circumcision?

A

UTI
Malignancy
AIDs/STI

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4
Q

What are some disadvantages of circumcision?

A

Painful

Complications- bleeding, mental stenosis, fistula

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5
Q

What is an absolute contraindication to circumcision?

A

Hypospadias- foreskin may be needed in surgical repair

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6
Q

What is the presentation of hydrocele?

A

Scrotal swelling- bluish colour, transilluminates, increases in size with crying, straining, in evening
Painless

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7
Q

What is the management of hydrocele?

A

Convervative until age 5

Surgery

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8
Q

What is cryptorchidism?

A

Undescended testis by 3 months

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9
Q

What are the types of cryptorchidism?

A

True
Retractile
Ectopic
Ascending

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10
Q

What is the management of cryptorchidism?

A

Orchidopexy at 6-18 months

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11
Q

What is the management of cryptorchidism in teens?

A

Orchidectomy- due to high cancer risk

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12
Q

What are the complications of cryptorchidism?

A

40x as likely to develop testicular cancer

Reduced fertility

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13
Q

What are some causes of acute scrotum?

A

Testicular torsion- most common in neonates and >15s
Torsion of testicular appendage= most common in children
Epididymitis= seen in neonates and teens, but rarely children
Trauma
HAematocele
Incarcerated inguinal hernia

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14
Q

What is testicular torsion?

A

Twist in spermatic cord causing testicular ischaemia and necrosis

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15
Q

What age is testicular torsion seen in?

A

10-30yo

Peak at 13-15

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16
Q

What is the presentation of testicular torsion?

A 
Sudden onset severe pain- not eased by elevation
Tenderness of entire testis
Swelling and redness
Loss of cremaster reflex
History of trauma
17
Q

What is the management of testicular torsion?

A

Emergency surgical exploration- Fix both testis if one torted

18
Q

What is the presentation of torsion of testicular appendage?

A 
More gradual onset
Pain in one testicle
Swelling and redness
Cremaster reflex present
Blue dot sign
19
Q

What is the management or torsion of testicular appendage?

A

Not emergency- analgesia and rest

Emergency surgical exploration if suspect of testicular torsion

20
Q

What is hypospadias?

A

Urethral meatus on ventral aspect of penis

21
Q

What are the classifications of hypospadias?

A 
Anterior= 50%
Middle= 30%
Posterior= 20%
22
Q

What is the management of hypospadias?

A

Corrective surgery before age 2

DO NOT circumcise- use foreskin in procedure

23
Q

What is chordee and when is it treated?

A

Bend in penis

Surgery if >15 degrees

Paeds AM (28 decks)

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