Urogenital Anatomy

Question 1

What are the homologous reproductive structures?

Answer 1

Ovary and testes, round ligament and gubernaculum, crus of clitoris and corpus cavernous, glans clitoris and glans penis, labia major and scrotum

Question 2

Where do kidney stones get stuck?

Answer 2

Ureteropelvic junction, crossing the iliacs and psoas muscle, and the ureterovesicular junction

Question 3

What can kidney stones cause?

Answer 3

Dilation of pelvis (hydronephrosis) or dilation of ureters (hydroureter)

Question 4

What are the features of the ureters?

Answer 4

Outer circular and inner longitudinal muscles and it performs peristalsis

Question 5

What are the pelvis bones?

Answer 5

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 6

What is unique about the male pelvis?

Answer 6

Heavy and thick, deep cup shaped false pelvis, small heart shaped pelvic brim, pubic° arch <90°, coccyx angled anterior, ap ratio >1

Question 7

What is unique about the female pelvis?

Answer 7

Light and thin, shallow false pelvis, large slightly oval pelvic brim, pubic arch >90, coccyx angled posterior, ap ratio <1

Question 8

What is the difference of lumbar spines?

Answer 8

Female has lots of lumbar lordosis at L3-L5, changes shape during pregnancy

Question 9

What is the normal uterine position?

Answer 9

Anteverted and antiflexed

Question 10

What are the female reproductive ligaments?

Answer 10

Uterosacral, round, ovarian and broad

Question 11

What do peritoneum muscles do?

Answer 11

Help support pelvic floor and form sphincters

Question 12

What is the levator ani group do?

Answer 12

Pelure floor muscles, the 3 work together

Question 13

What are the peritoneum muscles?

Answer 13

levator ani group and deep transverse perineal muscle

Question 14

What is the trigone?

Answer 14

No skeletal muscle so it doesn’t contract

Question 15

What is the vaginal histology?

Answer 15

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

What is the cervical histology?

Answer 16

Simple columnar

Question 17

Where is a Pap smear from

Answer 17

Transition zone of cervix tissue

Question 18

What are the parts of the penis?

Answer 18

Crus, carpa cavernous, corpus spongiosum

Question 19

What is the mesonephric kidney?

Answer 19

Embryonic organ that disappears when the permanent kidney is functional

Question 20

What is the gubernaculum?

Answer 20

A fetal ligament attached to the bottom of the scrotum and guides the testes through the inguinal canal and down to the scrotum

Question 21

What happens when the ureters are blocked?

Answer 21

Hydronephrosis and hydroureter

Question 22

What does the epithelial lining of the ureter do?

Answer 22

Makes mucus and push bacteria down and out

Question 23

What happens in the last 3 months of gestation?

Answer 23

Sacroiliac joint i sacrococcygeal joint and pubic symphysis relax

Question 24

What does the broad ligament do?

Answer 24

Hold the uterus in its normal position and maintains the relationship of the fallopian tubes to the ovaries and the uterus

Question 25

What is the broad ligament attached to?

Answer 25

A double layer of he peritoneum that attaches the lateral portions of the uterus to the lateral pelvic side walls

Question 26

What does the round ligament do?

Answer 26

Supports the uterus by connecting the front of the uterus to the groin region

Question 27

What does the utero-ovarian ligament do?

Answer 27

Attach each ovary to the uterus

Question 28

What does the uterosacral ligament do?

Answer 28

Restore support to the uterus or vaginal vault, they attach the cervix to the sacrum

Question 29

What does the suspensory ligament do?

Answer 29

Attaches ovary to the pelvic side wall and supplies the ovary with an artery vein and nerve

Question 30

What does the ischiocavernous muscle do?

Answer 30

Provide extra rigidity to the erected penis by compressing the penile crus

Question 31

What does the bulbospongiosus muscle do?

Answer 31

Expels remaining urine from the urethra after the bladder has completed emptying

Question 32

What is the path of ejaculation?

Answer 32

SEVEN UP
seminal vesicles
Epididymis (prostate)
Vas deferens 
Ejactulatory duct
None
Urethra
Penis