Urogenital Anatomy Flashcards
What are the homologous reproductive structures?
Ovary and testes, round ligament and gubernaculum, crus of clitoris and corpus cavernous, glans clitoris and glans penis, labia major and scrotum
Where do kidney stones get stuck?
Ureteropelvic junction, crossing the iliacs and psoas muscle, and the ureterovesicular junction
What can kidney stones cause?
Dilation of pelvis (hydronephrosis) or dilation of ureters (hydroureter)
What are the features of the ureters?
Outer circular and inner longitudinal muscles and it performs peristalsis
What are the pelvis bones?
Ilium, ischium, and pubis
What is unique about the male pelvis?
Heavy and thick, deep cup shaped false pelvis, small heart shaped pelvic brim, pubic° arch <90°, coccyx angled anterior, ap ratio >1
What is unique about the female pelvis?
Light and thin, shallow false pelvis, large slightly oval pelvic brim, pubic arch >90, coccyx angled posterior, ap ratio <1
What is the difference of lumbar spines?
Female has lots of lumbar lordosis at L3-L5, changes shape during pregnancy
What is the normal uterine position?
Anteverted and antiflexed
What are the female reproductive ligaments?
Uterosacral, round, ovarian and broad
What do peritoneum muscles do?
Help support pelvic floor and form sphincters
What is the levator ani group do?
Pelure floor muscles, the 3 work together
What are the peritoneum muscles?
levator ani group and deep transverse perineal muscle
What is the trigone?
No skeletal muscle so it doesn’t contract
What is the vaginal histology?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What is the cervical histology?
Simple columnar
Where is a Pap smear from
Transition zone of cervix tissue
What are the parts of the penis?
Crus, carpa cavernous, corpus spongiosum
What is the mesonephric kidney?
Embryonic organ that disappears when the permanent kidney is functional
What is the gubernaculum?
A fetal ligament attached to the bottom of the scrotum and guides the testes through the inguinal canal and down to the scrotum
What happens when the ureters are blocked?
Hydronephrosis and hydroureter
What does the epithelial lining of the ureter do?
Makes mucus and push bacteria down and out
What happens in the last 3 months of gestation?
Sacroiliac joint i sacrococcygeal joint and pubic symphysis relax
What does the broad ligament do?
Hold the uterus in its normal position and maintains the relationship of the fallopian tubes to the ovaries and the uterus
