Intersex Flashcards
What are the different types of classifying sex?
Genetic, phenotypic, gonadal and behavioural psychological
How do the gonads develop in regards to location?
Develop superiorly and descend to pelvic region (or beyond in males taking their arterial, lymphatic and nerve supply along)
How do kidneys develop in regards to location?
Kidneys originate in pelvic region and ascend to final site just inferior to liver and spleen
What controls and contributes to male reproductive development?
Wollfian duct
Y chromosome = testes determining factor (tdf)
Sertoli cells = anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
Leydig cells = androgens (secondary male characteristics)
What contributes to female reproductive development?
Mullerian ducts
What is persistent Müllerian duct syndrome?
Phenotypic male has the multerian duct because there wasn’t enough AMH
Testicles get held up in the abdomen
What is cryptorchid (hidden testes)?
Testes do not descend
Orchidopexy can be performed if they don’t descend on their own
What does the cremaster muscle do?
Move testes upward
What does the darts muscle do?
Compress the scrotum
What are inguinal hernias?
Occurs when tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles
The intestines can protrude into the scrotum
How do male genitalia develop?
Urethral folds begin to meet and seal
The labiosacral swellings swell toward each other
He genital tubercle becomes the glans penis
The urethra has sealed and now opens at the tip of the penis
How does the female genital develop?
Labioscrotal swellings do not fuse → labia majora
Urogenital folds do not meet → labia minora
The genital tubercle becomes the clitoris
What is xx intersex?
Chromosomal female with male external genitalia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Male hormones arise because of overactive adrenal gland
What is xy intersex?
Chromosomal male with female genitalia
Inadequate supply of male hormones
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (ais)
