Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy And Physiology > Liver, Gallbladder, And Pancreas > Flashcards

Liver, Gallbladder, And Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lobes of the liver?

A

Left lobe, right lobe, caudate lobe. And caudate lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the falciform ligament do?

A

Separates the left and right lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the round ligament do?

A

Connects liver to umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the porta hepatis?

A

Where all the neviorascular structures (except hepatic veins) and hepatic ducts enter or leave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the arteries and veins of the liver?

A

Hepatic artery from celiac trunk, hepatic vein and hepatic portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of blood is in the hepatic portal vein?

A

Nutrient rich, oxygen poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cells are found in the liver?

A

Hepatocyte and kupffer cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do hepatocytes do?

A

Synthesis, storage, detoxification and metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do kupffer cells do?

A

Phagocytosis of microbes, toxins, damaged red blood cells and white blood cells, cytokine production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are kupffer cells in the liver?

A

Hepatic sinusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a portal triad?

A

Bile duct, portal venue, portal arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a hepatic lobule?

A

Central vein and bile canaliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is gluoneogenesis?

A

Convert lactic acid and amino acids to glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is glycogenolysis?

A

Glycogen breakdown into glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the liver process vitamin A?

A

Converted to retinal esters s useful for rods for night vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the liver process vitamin D?

A

Utilized in bone metabolism (calcium absorption), can be synthesized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does the liver process vitamin E?

A

Antioxidant (free radical scavenger)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does the liver process vitamin k?

A

Utilized by hepatocytes to form functional coagulation factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What serum proteins does the liver synthesize?

A

Albumin, coagulation factors, compliment factors and A and B globulins

20
Q

How does the liver process drugs and hormones?

A

Drugs are excreted in bile, inactivated or converted into a form the kidneys can excrete
Can alter/excrete thyroid and steroid hormones

21
Q

How does the liver store iron?

A

Ferritin

22
Q

How is iron transported?

A

Bound to transferrin

23
Q

What happens to damages red blood cells?

A

Return to the liver where iron is scavenged and heme is discarded as bilirubin

24
Q

What happens when bilirubin accumulates?

A

Jaundice

25
Q

What causes gall stones?

A

When cholesterol in the bile precipitates

26
Q

What happens when the gall bladder is removed?

A

Expansion of the extra-hepatic bile ducts

27
Q

What does CCK do to the gall bladder?

A

Causes intense contractions to release bile

28
Q

What does secretin do?

A

Increase production of bicarb-rich bile by the liver hepatocytes

29
Q

What stimulates bile production?

A

Parasympathetic impulses along the vagus nerve

30
Q

What stimulates the secretion of CCK?

A

Fatty acid and amino acid in the chyme

31
Q

What stimulates the release of secretin?

A

Acidic chyme

32
Q

What are exocrine products and where do they go?

A

Pancreatic enzymes and juices enter duodenum via hepatopancreatic ampulla

33
Q

What can gallstones lead to?

A

Pancreatitis

34
Q

Where do pancreatic endocrine hormones go?

A

Blood stream

35
Q

What happens during the cephalic and gastric phases?

A

Vagus nerve stimulation causes release of pancreatic juice

36
Q

What happens when chyme enters the duodenum?

A

Causes enteroendocrine cells to release secretin and CCK

37
Q

Where do secretin and CCK go once they’re released?

A

To the pancreas

38
Q

Where does insulin come from?

A

Beta cells of pancreatic islets

39
Q

Where does glucagon come from?

A

Alpha cells of pancreatic islets

40
Q

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

A

Collects secretions from the gallbladder and pancreas and delivers it to the intestines

41
Q

What is the sphincter of oddi?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla sphincter

42
Q

What is the difference between the hepatic vein and hepatic portal vein?

A

Hepatic portal vein carries nutrient rich blood from the intestine, gallbladder and pancreas to the liver
Hepatic vein drains the liver

43
Q

What is bile canaliculi?

A

Thin tubules that receive bile secreted from the hepatocytes

44
Q

What does the hepatic lobule do?

A

Diffuse oxygen and nutrients through their capillary walls -into the liver cells

45
Q

How does the liver alter and excrete thyroid and steroid hormones?

A

The lives transforms and removes any excess hormone from the body

Anatomy And Physiology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions