Urine sediment Flashcards
What is Urinary sediment used for?
To check physiological functions of the kidneys, and to reveal pathological processes in the excretory system.
Sign of pathology can be..?
increased number of RBC, leukocytes, epithelial cells, crystals etc.
Examination of urinary sediment is?
a non-invasive method to collect a lot of valuable information about an individuals health.
Used a lot in cases of..?
Patients with renal and urinary tract diseases (pregnancy)
Examination of urinary sediment is…?
- easy
- useful
- quick
2 ways of examination?
Urinary diagnostic strip
Microscopy –> for detailed analysis
Experimental design?
5mL urine 3 min centrifugation /1500rpm remove supernatant one drop of pigment leave 15 min. and stir
Physiological findings for one visual field (FOV)
5 RBC
5leukocytes
1-2 transitional cells
No renal cells
Why is cells fro renal parenchyma and from urinary tract unfavourable?
Because of its hyperosmolarity and pH –> fast degeneration of cells and cytolysis
Analysis of urinary sediment depends on ..?
rate of processing and examination of sample
When is the optimal duration of proscessing and examination?
Up until 60 minutes after sampling
Methods of sampling?
- spontaneous urination
- manual compression of bladder
- catheterization
- cytocenthesis (needle into the urinary bladder through the abdominal wall)
Name 3 types of sediments that can be found in a urinary sediment analysis?
- Cells (RBC, leukocytes, epithelial cells, microorg.)
- Casts (hyaline, granular, cellular, waxy)
- Crystals (struvite, amorphous phosphate and oxalate –> in healthy animals)
Other substances that can be found in urine?
+ mucus, fat-droplets, sperm, eggs of parasites.
Findings according to pH?
pH >7 : Calcium oxalate, uric acid
pH<7 : struvite, amorphous-phosphate, ammonium-biurate, calcium-carbonate
