urinary system pathologies Flashcards
type of nephritis (kidney infection) in which the glomeruli are the key structures affected; also called acute nephritic syndrome
acute glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the bladder caused by bacterial infection, commonly coexisting with bacterial urethritis, both of which together constitute a UTI, sometimes referred to as a bladder infection
bacterial cystitis
condition in which the glomeruli suffer gradual, progres- sive, destructive changes, with resulting loss of kidney function; also called chronic nephritis
chronic glomerulonephritis
kidney disease associated with diabetes that results in inflammation, degeneration, and sclerosis of the kidneys
diabetic nephropathy
abnormal secretion of large amounts of urine
diuresis
final phase of kidney disease
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
involuntary urination during sleep; also called bedwetting
enuresis
need to urinate more often than normal
frequency
sugar in the urine
glucosuria, glycosuria
condition in which the renal pelvis and calyces become distended and dilated and begin to atrophy due to urine outflow obstruction
hydronephrosis
chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder lining not caused by infection or other identified pathology
interstitial cystitis
pathological changes in renal tissue that destroy nephrons and impair kidney function
interstitial nephritis
uncommon disorder marked by massive proteinuria, e d e m a , h y p o a l b u m i n e m i a ( l o w b l o o d a l b u m i n ) , h y p e r l i p i - demia (high blood lipids), and hypercoagulability (high tendency to form blood clots)
nephrotic syndrome
bladder dysfunction (retention, incontinence, or altered capacity ) due to disease or injury of the central nervous system or certain peripheral nerves
neurogenic bladder
narrowing or stricture of the foreskin opening of the penis
phimosis
