Endocrine pathologies Flashcards
type of hyperpituitarism in which an overactive pituitary gland after adulthood causes abnormal continued growth of bones and tissues of the face and extremities
acromegaly
illness characterized by gradual adrenal-gland failure, resulting in insufficient production of steroid hormones and the need for hormone replacement therapy; also called hypoadrenalism and adrenocortical insufficiency
Addison’s disease
congenital condition of thyroid hormone deficiency, characterized by arrested physical and mental development; formerly called cretinism
congenital hypothyroidism
disorder caused by hypersecretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland, resulting in altered fat distribution and muscle weak- ness; also called hyperadrenocorticism, hypercortisolism and hyper- adrenalism
Cushing’s disease
disorder unrelated to diabetes mellitus, characterized by excessive output of dilute urine
diabetes insipidus
condition of severe hyperglycemia
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
chronic metabolic disorder in which the pancreas secretes insufficient amounts of insulin or the body is insulin resistant
diabetes mellitus (DM)
hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood, result- ing in an abnormally small adult
dwarfism
abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs
exophthalmos
type of hyperpituitarism that causes hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood, resulting in an abnormally large adult
giantism
enlarged thyroid gland
goiter
hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune response, which may cause exophthalmos; also called thyrotoxicosis
Graves’ disease
chronic, inflammatory condition that leads to the most common type of thyroiditis; also called chronic lymphocytic thy- roiditis and autoimmune thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
