Female pathology terms

Question 1

absence of menses in a woman between the ages of 16 and 40

Answer 1

amenorrhea

Question 2

blockage of one or both of the Bartholin’s glands, causing inflammation and tenderness

Answer 2

Bartholin’s gland cyst

Question 3

vaginal fungal infection caused by Candida albicans, with key symptoms including itching, burning, and a thick, curdy discharge; also known as a vaginal yeast infection

Answer 3

candidiasis

Question 4

pain in the lower abdominopelvic area and other discomfort associated with menses

Answer 4

dysmenorrhea

Question 5

implantation of a fertilized ovum outside of the uterus, often in the fallopian tube; also called tubal pregnancy

Answer 5

ectopic pregnancy

Question 6

growth of endometrial tissue in abnormal sites in the lower abdominopelvic area

Answer 6

endometriosis

Question 7

presence of multiple lumps in the breast, consisting of fibrous tumors or fluid-filled cysts

Answer 7

fibrocystic breast disease

Question 8

inability to achieve pregnancy after trying to conceive for a period of 1 year or more; may be primary, which is an inability to conceive a first child, or secondary, which is infertility in a woman who has previously conceived

Answer 8

infertility

Question 9

sac of fluid or semisolid mass that grows within the ovary

Answer 9

ovarian cyst

Question 10

any acute or chronic infection of the female reproductive system, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

Answer 10

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 11

range of symptoms occurring 7 to 14 days before menstru- ation, including fluid retention, bloating, temporary weight gain, breast tenderness, headaches, depression, irritability, diarrhea, constipation, and appetite changes

Answer 11

premenstrual syndrome

Question 12

rare disorder caused by bacterial exotoxins; most commonly occurs in young women who use tampons

Answer 12

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Question 13

benign, smooth tumors made of muscle and fat; also called leiomyomas

Answer 13

uterine fibroids

Question 14

downward protrusion of the uterus into the vaginal opening

Answer 14

uterine prolapse

Question 15

spontaneous or therapeutic loss of a pregnancy at less than 20 weeks; also called miscarriage

Answer 15

abortion

Question 16

sudden, premature detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall

Answer 16

abruptio placentae

Question 17

complication of pregnancy characterized by severe hypertension, seizures, and possible coma

Answer 17

eclampsia

Question 18

implantation of the placenta in the lower uterine segment rather than the central or upper portion of the uterine
wall, which may cause maternal hemorrhage during labor

Answer 18

placenta previa