Directional terms & anatomical orientations Flashcards
movement toward the side, away from the body
abduction
movement toward the side, toward the body
adduction
toward or near the front; ventral
anterior (anter/o)
the lower or supporting part of any structure
base
the pointed tip of a conical structure
apex
movement of the ankle causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the side or laterally
eversion
both sides
bilateral
one side
unilateral
the opposite side
contralateral
the same side
ipsilateral
further into the body
deep
nearer to the surface of the body
superficial
nearer to the axial body
proximal (proxim/o)
further from the axial body
distal (dist/o)
movement toward the front or anterior (exception at the knee joint)
flexion
movement toward the back or posterior (exception at the knee joint)
extension
lying horizontally facing downward
prone
movement of the arm away from the midline, or posterior, when at shoulder level
horizontal abduction
toward the midline; nearer to the middle
medial (medi/o)
away from the midline; toward the side
lateral (later/o)
rotation movement of the shoulder or hip away from the midline; external rotation
lateral rotation
rotational movement of the forearm to palm up; palm facing anterior
supination
movement of the wrist toward the ulna or toward the body; wrist adduction
ulnar deviation
toward or near the feet; caudal
inferior (infer/o)
lying horizontally facing upward
supine
front; anterior
ventral (ventr/o)
