Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Block 4 > Urinary System and Suprarenal Gland > Flashcards

Urinary System and Suprarenal Gland Flashcards

1
Q

From what elevations are the urinary and genital systems originally derived

A

longitudinal urogenital ridges of intermediate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What part of the urogenital ridge gives rise to the urinary system

A

nephrogenic cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which systerm development begins first Urinary or genital (what week)

A

Urinary begins first

early week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 sets of kidneys humans develop and in what order

A

pronephros
mesonephros
Metanephros
In that order and craniocaudally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the pronephros consist of and where is it located

A

nonfunctional epithelial cell clusters and tubular structures
in the cervical region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does the pronephros desintegrate

A

durning 4th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do the pronephric cell clusters attach to

A

pronephric duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which part of the pronephric kidneys persist to be used later

A

Pronephric duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which kidney is the developmental homologue to the type of kidney found in some fish and amphibians

A

Mesonephros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which kidney is the developmental homologue to the type of kidney found in primitive vertebrates

A

Pronephros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When and where does the mesonephros develop

A

late 4th to 5th week

in a caniocaudal sequence in thoracolumbar region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is the first development of urine and by which kidney

A

3rd month

mesonephric kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is formed from the medial end of the mesonephric tubule

A

Cup shaped sac

Bowmans capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What invaginates bowmans capsule and where does it connect

A

knot of cappillaries ( glomerulus)

attach by artieries to aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What composes a renal corpuscle

A

Bowmans capsule

Glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What connects all mesonephric tubules and on which end of the tubule

A

Mesonephric duct

laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the mesonephric duct a continuation of

A

Pronephric duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the mesonephric duct open into

A

cloaca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When does the metanephric kidney develop

A

5th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the first appearance of the metanephric kidney

A

Metanephric diverticulum ( uteric bud)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the Metanephric diverticulum an outgrowth of

A

Mesonephric duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the Metanephric diverticulum grow into

A

Metanephrogenic blastema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the Metanephrogenic blastema composed of

A

condensation of the caudal part of intermediate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

As the Metanephric diverticulum penetrates the Metanephrogenic blastema what does it do

A

expands to form ureter and undergoes divisions to form branching up to and including arched collecting tubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the last level of branching done by the Metanephric diverticulum in the Metanephrogenic blastema
arched collecting tubules
26
WHAT IS THE SITE OF CONTINUITY OF THE UTERIC BUD AND THE METANEPHROGENIC BLASTEMA IN THE METANEPHRIC KIDNEY
where the distal convoluted tubule joins the arched collecting tubule
27
What is successful development of the methanephric kidney (tubule system) dependent on
reciprocal inductive interaction
28
between what does reciprocal inductive interactions occur
between tips of branches of metanephric ducts and surrounding metanephrogenic blastemal cells branching causes nephrons to differentiate and blastema acts on ducts to induce branching
29
What is and is not the role of fetal urine
not to clear waste (done by placenta) | contributes to amniotic fluid
30
Where do the metanephric kidneys initially lie
close to eachother in pelvis
31
In which direction do the kidneys migrate and to where
move laterally and ascend | to lumbar site caudal to suprarenal glands
32
What causes the movement of the kidneys
embryos body caudal to kidneys elongates moving them more cranially
33
As the kidneys ascends what happens to them (relative to hillum)
Rotate 90 degrees from facing vetrally to medially (now face midline)
34
Which kidney sits higher in the cavity and why
left | because right is stopped by liver
35
Where is the inital blood supply to the kidneys off of
renal arteries branched from COMMON ILIAC ARTERIES
36
Where is the final blood supply to the kidneys off of
renal arteries off of the abdominal aorta
37
What does the urinary bladder develop from
endoderm from the hindgut
38
What partitions the cloaca and what does it partition it into
urorectal septum | urogenital sinus and dorsal rectum
39
What are the three regions of the urogenital sinus
cranial (vesical) middle (pelvic) Inferior (phallic)
40
what does the vesical portion of the urogenital sinus become and what is it continuous with
presumptive urinary bladder | Alantois (future median umbilical ligament)
41
what does the pelvic portion of the urogenital sinus become in males
intermediate and prostatic urethra
42
what does the pelvic portion of the urogenital sinus become in females
entire urethra
43
what does the phallic portion of the urogenital sinus grow toward and become in males
grows toward genital tubercle | Forms most of penile (spongy) urethra
44
what does the phallic portion of the urogenital sinus grow toward and become in females
grows toward genital tubercle | forms velstibule of the vagina
45
what happens to the dorsal wall as the urinary bladder grows
incorporates each mesonephric duct with its attached caudal end of the uretur
46
What contributes mesoderm to the formation of the trigone and what happens to that mesoderm
absorption of the mesonepric ducts as the bladder grows mesoderm grown over by endoderm from bladder wall
47
What happens as the inferior ends of the mesonephric ducts are absorbed
ureterrs come to open seperateely into the urinary bladder
48
How do the ureters move once absorbed and why is it significant
move superolaterally so they are entering obliquely through base of bladder causes bladder muscles to act like sphincters
49
how and where do the ureters enter the bladder
obliquely at the base
50
How do the inferior ends of the mesonephric ducts move once absorbed and what do they become
Move medially to enter prostatic part of urethra become ejaculatory ducts (degen in females)
51
With which part and direction do the ureter and mesonephric duct move and why is it significant
ureturs superior with vesicle part mesonephric move inferior with pelvic part causes mesonephric to loop around top of ureter
52
What forms the entire urethra in females
development o fhte middle pelvic potion of the urogenital sinus
53
what forms the majority of the penile urethra
endoderm from the inferior portion of the urogenital sinus
54
Which portion of the penile urethra does not develop from endoderm and what does it develop from
distal portion of penile urethra | from ectodermal cord) (glandular plate
55
What does the ectodermal portion of the penis start as
solid glandular plate that canalizes
56
what do the ectodermal cells of the penis line
navicular fossa
57
What is the smooth muscle and connective tissue of the urethra derived from
adjacent splanchinc mesenchyme
58
When do the suparenal glands begin too develop
sixth week
59
What develops into the outermost portion of the gland and what is it called
mesothelium and mesenchyme cortex
60
where does the mesothelium and mesencyme of the suprarenal gland cortex come from
proliferation between dorsal mesentery and developing gonad
61
What does the cortex produce
suprarenal steroids
62
What forms the innermost portion of the suprarenal gland and what is it called
neural crest cells medulla
63
What do neural crest cells differentiate into and what do they produce/release
secretory cells | release catecholamines
64
How big are the suprarenal glands in fetal period and what changes
same size as kidneys (comparable) postnatally smaller because of cortex regression

Anatomy Block 4 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions