Anteromedial Thigh Flashcards
What is the origin and insertion of the Pectineus muscle?
Origin: Superior pubic ramus
Insertion: Pectineal line of the femur
What is the action of the Pectineus muscle?
Adducts and flexes the thigh
What is the innervation of the Pectineus muscle?
Femoral nerve (L2-L4) Obturator nerve (L2-L4) (anterior branch)
What is the origin and insertion of the Iliopsoas muscle?
Origin:
Iliacus: Iliac fossa
Psoas major: sides of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: common insertion on the lesser trochanter of femur
What is the action of the Iliopsoas muscle?
The major flexor of the thigh
What is the innervation of the Iliopsoas muscle?
Iliacus: Femoral (L2-L4)
Psaos major: anterior rami L1-L2
What is the origin and insertion of the Sartorius muscle?
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: medial surface of tibia, distal to the tuberosity
What is the action of the Sartorius muscle?
Abducts, Flexes and laterally rotates thigh
Also flexes the leg
What is the innervation of the Sartorius muscle?
Femoral (L2-L4)
What is the origin and insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella
What is the action of the rectus femoris muscle?
Part of major extensor of the leg
Also flexes the thigh
What is the innervation of the rectus femoris muscle?
Femoral (L2-L4)
What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus lateralis muscle?
Origin: Lateral lip of the linea aspera
Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella
What is the action of the Vastus lateralis muscle?
Part of major extensor of the leg
What is the innervation of the Vastus lateralis muscle?
Femoral (L2-L4)
What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus medialis muscle?
Origin: Medial lip of the linea aspera
Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella
What is the action of the Vastus medialis muscle?
Part of Major extensor of the leg
What is the innervation of the Vastus medialis muscle?
Femoral (L2-L4)
What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?
Origin: Anterolaterala surface of femoral shaft
Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella
What is the action of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?
Part of Major extensor of the leg
What is the innervation of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?
Femoral (L2-L4)
What is the origin and insertion of the Gracilis muscle?
Origin: Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: medial surface of the tibia distal to tuberosity
What is the action of the Gracilis muscle?
adducts thigh
Flexes knee
Assists medial rotation of thigh
What is the innervation of the Gracilis muscle?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) Anterior Branch
What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor longus muscle?
Origin: pubic body
Insertion: middle part of linea aspera
What is the action of the Adductor longus muscle?
adducts and flexes thigh
What is the innervation of the Adductor longus muscle?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) Anterior Branch
What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor brevis muscle?
Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: proximal linea aspera
What is the action of the Adductor brevis muscle?
adducts and flexes thigh
What is the innervation of the Adductor brevis muscle?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) Anterior Branch
What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor magnus muscle?
Origin: Ischiopubic ramus and Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Sup Horiz fibers: linea aspera
Inf Vert fibers : adductor tubercle of femur
What is the action of the Adductor magnus muscle?
Sup Horiz fibers: (adductor part)
Adducts the thigh
assists in flexion of the thigh
Inf Vert fibers: (hamstring part)
Adducts the thigh
extends the thigh
What is the innervation of the Adductor magnus muscle?
Sup Horiz fibers:
Obturator (L2-L4)
Posterior branch
Inf Vert fibers: Tibial Nerve (L4,5 & S 1,2,3)
What is the origin and insertion of the Obturator externus muscle?
Origin: Obturator membrane and external margins of the obturator foramen
Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the Obturator externus muscle?
Lateral rotator of the thigh
What is the innervation of the Obturator externus muscle?
obturator nerve (L2-L4) Posterior branch
What is the continuation of the quadriceps tendon and where does it insert?
Patellar ligament (tendon)
Inserts: tibial tuberosity
What forms the adductor hiatus
the dual insertion of adductor magnus into the linea aspera and adductor tubercle
What forms the adductor hiatus
the dual insertion of adductor magnus into the linea aspera and adductor tubercle
What bounds the femoral triangle (3)
inguinal ligament
sartorius
adductor longus
What forms the floor of the Femoral triangle
Pectineus and iliopsoas
What forms the roof of the Femoral triangle
Fascia Lata
What is contained in the Femoral trianlgle (5)
Femoral artery Femoral vein Femoral nerve Femoral branch of Genitofemoral Lymphatics
How do things within the femoral triangle enter or leave
pass deep to inguinal ligament
What is contained within the femoral sheath
Femoral artery and vein
Lymphatics
NOT the femoral nerve
What is the femoral sheath an extension of
cone shaped extension of extraperitoneal areolar tissue
What is the medial compartment of the femoral sheath
femoral canal
What is the proximal opening to the femoral canal called
Femoral ring
What is the order of structures passing under the inguinal ligament from lateral to medial
NAVL Nerve Artery Vein Lymphatics
Where does the adductor canal begin
apex of the femoral triangle
What makes up the posteromedial wall of the adductor canal
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
What forms the anterior wall of the adductor canal
Sartorius
What forms the lateral wall of the adductor canal
Vastus medialis
What is contained within the adductor canal (4)
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Saphenous nerve (cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve distal to knee)
Nerve to vastus medialis
Where is the termination of the adductor canal and what passes out from the canal
adductor haitus poserior to area of knee
Femoral artery and vein
What is the name of the vessels as they pass out of the adductor canal
From Femoral artery and vein to Popliteal artery and vein
What supplies the skin over the anterior and medial thigh
Medial and intermediate cutaneous branches of femoral nerve
Where does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve enter the thigh and what does it supply?
enters thigh near the ASIS and supplies adjacent areas
What supplies the immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament
ilioinguinal and femoral branch of genitofemoral
What innervates the skin of the medal thigh
obturator
What are the motor nerves of the anteromedial thigh
obturator and femoral nerves
What are the main arteries which supply the anteromedial thigh
femoral and obturator arteries
What is the femoral artery a branch/continuation of?
Continuation of the external iliac artery after it passes deep to inguinal ligament
What is the main branch of the Femoral artery and where does it arise/run?
Profunda femoris
passes between adductor longus and pectineus to run along femur
What are the named branches of the profunda femoris (3{6})
lateral femoral circumflex
medial femoral cirumflex
4 perforating arteries
What do the circumflex branches of the femoral supply
muscles of the thigh and the proximal end of the femur
What supplies most of the blood to the femoral head and neck
Medial femoral circumflex (makes it very important)
What do the perforating branches of the femoral artery provide for?
major blood supply to posterior compartment
What does the obturator artery arise from and what is its path
arises from internal illiac in pelvis and passes through obturator foramen to enter thigh
What does the obturator artery supply?
Muscles of the medial compartment and the hip joint (particularly head of femur)
What is the major vein of the anteromedial thigh
Great saphenous vein
What is the path of the great sapheous vein
- begins on dorsum of foot
- passes superoanteriorly to medial malleolus
- medial to patella
- wraps around from medial side to anterior as it ascends
- enters thigh through fascia lata in femoral triangle
What is the opening though which the great saphenous vein enters the thigh?
Saphenous hiatus in the fascia lata
What other veins drain the anteromedial thigh (not great saphenous)
accessory saphenous
superficial epigastric
superficial circumflex iliac
external pudednals
Where are lymph nodes in the thigh mainly found
inguinal region
What are the two groups of superfical inguinal lymph nodes
superior horziontal group
inferior vertical group
Where are the superior horziontal group of superfical inguinal lymph nodes found and what do they drain?
inferior and adjacent to inguinal ligament
- drainage from perineum
- external genital structures
- distal vagina
- distal anal canal
- anterior abdominal wall below umbilicus
- gluteal region
Where are the inferior vertical group of superfical inguinal lymph nodes found and what do they drain?
along termination of great saphenous
Almost all lower limb drainage
Where do the deep inguinal nodes lie and what do they recieve
Lie deep to fascia latae
receive drainage of all superficial nodes
