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Anatomy Block 4 > Anteromedial Thigh > Flashcards

Anteromedial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Pectineus muscle?

A

Origin: Superior pubic ramus

Insertion: Pectineal line of the femur

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2
Q

What is the action of the Pectineus muscle?

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh

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3
Q

What is the innervation of the Pectineus muscle?

A 
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) (anterior branch)
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4
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Iliopsoas muscle?

A

Origin:
Iliacus: Iliac fossa
Psoas major: sides of lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: common insertion on the lesser trochanter of femur

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5
Q

What is the action of the Iliopsoas muscle?

A

The major flexor of the thigh

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the Iliopsoas muscle?

A

Iliacus: Femoral (L2-L4)

Psaos major: anterior rami L1-L2

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7
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Sartorius muscle?

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: medial surface of tibia, distal to the tuberosity

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8
Q

What is the action of the Sartorius muscle?

A

Abducts, Flexes and laterally rotates thigh

Also flexes the leg

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the Sartorius muscle?

A

Femoral (L2-L4)

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10
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella

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11
Q

What is the action of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

Part of major extensor of the leg

Also flexes the thigh

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

Femoral (L2-L4)

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus lateralis muscle?

A

Origin: Lateral lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella

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14
Q

What is the action of the Vastus lateralis muscle?

A

Part of major extensor of the leg

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus lateralis muscle?

A

Femoral (L2-L4)

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16
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus medialis muscle?

A

Origin: Medial lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella

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17
Q

What is the action of the Vastus medialis muscle?

A

Part of Major extensor of the leg

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus medialis muscle?

A

Femoral (L2-L4)

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19
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?

A

Origin: Anterolaterala surface of femoral shaft

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon inserting on patella

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20
Q

What is the action of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?

A

Part of Major extensor of the leg

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Intermedius muscle?

A

Femoral (L2-L4)

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22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Gracilis muscle?

A

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: medial surface of the tibia distal to tuberosity

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23
Q

What is the action of the Gracilis muscle?

A

adducts thigh
Flexes knee
Assists medial rotation of thigh

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24
Q

What is the innervation of the Gracilis muscle?

A 
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Anterior Branch
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25
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor longus muscle?

A

Origin: pubic body

Insertion: middle part of linea aspera

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26
Q

What is the action of the Adductor longus muscle?

A

adducts and flexes thigh

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27
Q

What is the innervation of the Adductor longus muscle?

A 
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Anterior Branch
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28
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor brevis muscle?

A

Origin: inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: proximal linea aspera

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29
Q

What is the action of the Adductor brevis muscle?

A

adducts and flexes thigh

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30
Q

What is the innervation of the Adductor brevis muscle?

A 
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Anterior Branch
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31
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor magnus muscle?

A

Origin: Ischiopubic ramus and Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Sup Horiz fibers: linea aspera
Inf Vert fibers : adductor tubercle of femur

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32
Q

What is the action of the Adductor magnus muscle?

A

Sup Horiz fibers: (adductor part)
Adducts the thigh
assists in flexion of the thigh

Inf Vert fibers: (hamstring part)
Adducts the thigh
extends the thigh

33
Q

What is the innervation of the Adductor magnus muscle?

A

Sup Horiz fibers:
Obturator (L2-L4)
Posterior branch

Inf Vert fibers: 
Tibial Nerve (L4,5 & S 1,2,3)
34
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Obturator externus muscle?

A

Origin: Obturator membrane and external margins of the obturator foramen

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

35
Q

What is the action of the Obturator externus muscle?

A

Lateral rotator of the thigh

36
Q

What is the innervation of the Obturator externus muscle?

A 
obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Posterior branch
37
Q

What is the continuation of the quadriceps tendon and where does it insert?

A

Patellar ligament (tendon)

Inserts: tibial tuberosity

38
Q

What forms the adductor hiatus

A

the dual insertion of adductor magnus into the linea aspera and adductor tubercle

39
Q

What forms the adductor hiatus

A

the dual insertion of adductor magnus into the linea aspera and adductor tubercle

40
Q

What bounds the femoral triangle (3)

A

inguinal ligament
sartorius
adductor longus

41
Q

What forms the floor of the Femoral triangle

A

Pectineus and iliopsoas

42
Q

What forms the roof of the Femoral triangle

A

Fascia Lata

43
Q

What is contained in the Femoral trianlgle (5)

A 
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Femoral nerve
Femoral branch of Genitofemoral
Lymphatics
44
Q

How do things within the femoral triangle enter or leave

A

pass deep to inguinal ligament

45
Q

What is contained within the femoral sheath

A

Femoral artery and vein
Lymphatics

NOT the femoral nerve

46
Q

What is the femoral sheath an extension of

A

cone shaped extension of extraperitoneal areolar tissue

47
Q

What is the medial compartment of the femoral sheath

A

femoral canal

48
Q

What is the proximal opening to the femoral canal called

A

Femoral ring

49
Q

What is the order of structures passing under the inguinal ligament from lateral to medial

A 
NAVL
Nerve
Artery
Vein 
Lymphatics
50
Q

Where does the adductor canal begin

A

apex of the femoral triangle

51
Q

What makes up the posteromedial wall of the adductor canal

A

Adductor longus

Adductor magnus

52
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the adductor canal

A

Sartorius

53
Q

What forms the lateral wall of the adductor canal

A

Vastus medialis

54
Q

What is contained within the adductor canal (4)

A

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Saphenous nerve (cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve distal to knee)
Nerve to vastus medialis

55
Q

Where is the termination of the adductor canal and what passes out from the canal

A

adductor haitus poserior to area of knee

Femoral artery and vein

56
Q

What is the name of the vessels as they pass out of the adductor canal

A

From Femoral artery and vein to Popliteal artery and vein

57
Q

What supplies the skin over the anterior and medial thigh

A

Medial and intermediate cutaneous branches of femoral nerve

58
Q

Where does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve enter the thigh and what does it supply?

A

enters thigh near the ASIS and supplies adjacent areas

59
Q

What supplies the immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament

A

ilioinguinal and femoral branch of genitofemoral

60
Q

What innervates the skin of the medal thigh

A

obturator

61
Q

What are the motor nerves of the anteromedial thigh

A

obturator and femoral nerves

62
Q

What are the main arteries which supply the anteromedial thigh

A

femoral and obturator arteries

63
Q

What is the femoral artery a branch/continuation of?

A

Continuation of the external iliac artery after it passes deep to inguinal ligament

64
Q

What is the main branch of the Femoral artery and where does it arise/run?

A

Profunda femoris

passes between adductor longus and pectineus to run along femur

65
Q

What are the named branches of the profunda femoris (3{6})

A

lateral femoral circumflex
medial femoral cirumflex
4 perforating arteries

66
Q

What do the circumflex branches of the femoral supply

A

muscles of the thigh and the proximal end of the femur

67
Q

What supplies most of the blood to the femoral head and neck

A

Medial femoral circumflex (makes it very important)

68
Q

What do the perforating branches of the femoral artery provide for?

A

major blood supply to posterior compartment

69
Q

What does the obturator artery arise from and what is its path

A

arises from internal illiac in pelvis and passes through obturator foramen to enter thigh

70
Q

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

Muscles of the medial compartment and the hip joint (particularly head of femur)

71
Q

What is the major vein of the anteromedial thigh

A

Great saphenous vein

72
Q

What is the path of the great sapheous vein

A
  • begins on dorsum of foot
  • passes superoanteriorly to medial malleolus
  • medial to patella
  • wraps around from medial side to anterior as it ascends
  • enters thigh through fascia lata in femoral triangle
73
Q

What is the opening though which the great saphenous vein enters the thigh?

A

Saphenous hiatus in the fascia lata

74
Q

What other veins drain the anteromedial thigh (not great saphenous)

A

accessory saphenous
superficial epigastric
superficial circumflex iliac
external pudednals

75
Q

Where are lymph nodes in the thigh mainly found

A

inguinal region

76
Q

What are the two groups of superfical inguinal lymph nodes

A

superior horziontal group

inferior vertical group

77
Q

Where are the superior horziontal group of superfical inguinal lymph nodes found and what do they drain?

A

inferior and adjacent to inguinal ligament

  • drainage from perineum
  • external genital structures
  • distal vagina
  • distal anal canal
  • anterior abdominal wall below umbilicus
  • gluteal region
78
Q

Where are the inferior vertical group of superfical inguinal lymph nodes found and what do they drain?

A

along termination of great saphenous

Almost all lower limb drainage

79
Q

Where do the deep inguinal nodes lie and what do they recieve

A

Lie deep to fascia latae

receive drainage of all superficial nodes

Anatomy Block 4 (16 decks)

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