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Anatomy Final > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

name the functions of urinary sysem

A 
filtration
secretion
regulate chemical makeup of blood
gluconeogenesis
regulate BP
RBC production
metabolize vitamin D to its active form
urine storage and transport
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2
Q

what does it filtrate?

A

toxins
wastes
excess ions

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3
Q

how does urinary system regulate BP?

A

renin

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4
Q

RBC formation can also be called

A

erythropoietin

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5
Q

urine storage and transport is done by

A

bladder
ureters
urethra

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6
Q

the renals are located at

A

T12-L3

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7
Q

right renal is ___ than the left

A

lower

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8
Q

_________ is on superior surface of kidney

A

adrenal gland

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9
Q

name the support tissues of kidney

A

renal capsule
adipose capsule
renal fascia

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10
Q

the renal capsule prevents

A

invasive infection

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11
Q

the adipose capsule does what?

A

protects and anchors

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12
Q

the renal fascia does what?

A

anchors kidney

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13
Q

the renal fascia is made up of

A

dense connective tissue

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14
Q

name the 3 regions of kindey

A

cortex
medulla
pelvis

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15
Q

the ____ is the superficial layer of kidney

A

cortex

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16
Q

the cortex makes up the

A

renal columns

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17
Q

the renal columns do what?

A

separate medullary pyamids

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18
Q

the medulla is ____ to cortex

A

deep

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19
Q

the medullary contains

A

medullary pyramids

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20
Q

the medulla pyramids have

A

parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules

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21
Q

the apex of medullary pyramid faces

A

internally towards pelvis

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22
Q

the pelvis is the

A

tube continuous with ureter

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23
Q

the minor calyx go towards

A

major calyx

24
Q

the nephrons functions in

A

blood processing

collecting ducts

25
Q

name the 2 types of mephrons

A

cortical

juxtamedullary

26
Q

the cortical nephron is located primarily in

A

cortex

27
Q

the juxtamedullary is located

A

near cortex and medulla border

28
Q

which nephron produce concentrated urine

A

juxtamedullary

29
Q

the juxtamedullary nephron loop of Henle invades

A

medulla

30
Q

the renal capsule is made up of

A

glomerulus

Bowman’s capsule

31
Q

the glomerulus contains

A

capillaries and fenestrated endothelium

32
Q

PCT stands for

A

proximal convoluted tubule

33
Q

what does the PCT do?

A

reabsorbs water and solutes from filtrate and secretes substance into filtrate

34
Q

the loop of henle is made up of

A 
descending limb (thin)
ascending limb (thick)
35
Q

the DCT stands for

A

distal convoluted tubule

36
Q

what does DCT do?

A

secretion primarily

37
Q

the collecting ducts receives

A

filtrate from nephrons

38
Q

afferent arterioles run throughout

A

renal cortex

39
Q

afferent arterioles force

A

fluids and solutes out of blood

40
Q

peritubular capillaries do what?

A

reabsorb solutes and water

41
Q

efferent arterioles do what?

A

exit glomerulus

42
Q

DCT lies against the

A

afferent arteriole

43
Q

the JGA is a ___

A

mechanoreceptor

44
Q

the JGA secretes

A

renin

45
Q

the macula densa consist of

A

DCT cells

osmoreceptors

46
Q

the macula densa respond to

A

changes in solute concentration

47
Q

podocytes of Bowman’s capsule surround

A

capillaries

48
Q

filtration slits between the podocytes allow

A

fluid to pass into Bowman’s capsule

49
Q

surrounding the endothelial cells is the

A

basement membrane

50
Q

T/F glomerular filtration is passive and non-selective

A

true

51
Q

____ forces fluid through glomerulus

A

hydrostatic pressure

52
Q

Factors affecting GFR(glomerular filtration rate)

A

surface area available for filtration
membrane permeability
net filtration pressure

53
Q

Increasing systemic BP causes afferent arterioles

A

to constrict

54
Q

what happens in thick loop of henle

A

active transport of solute out of loop Na+ Cl- K+

55
Q

the Dct mostly

A

has diffusion of water

56
Q

the descending loop of henle only does

A

diffusion of water

and is impermeable to solutes

57
Q

the ascending loop of Henle is

A

impermeable to water

Anatomy Final (12 decks)

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