Urinary System Flashcards
name the functions of urinary sysem
filtration secretion regulate chemical makeup of blood gluconeogenesis regulate BP RBC production metabolize vitamin D to its active form urine storage and transport
what does it filtrate?
toxins
wastes
excess ions
how does urinary system regulate BP?
renin
RBC formation can also be called
erythropoietin
urine storage and transport is done by
bladder
ureters
urethra
the renals are located at
T12-L3
right renal is ___ than the left
lower
_________ is on superior surface of kidney
adrenal gland
name the support tissues of kidney
renal capsule
adipose capsule
renal fascia
the renal capsule prevents
invasive infection
the adipose capsule does what?
protects and anchors
the renal fascia does what?
anchors kidney
the renal fascia is made up of
dense connective tissue
name the 3 regions of kindey
cortex
medulla
pelvis
the ____ is the superficial layer of kidney
cortex
the cortex makes up the
renal columns
the renal columns do what?
separate medullary pyamids
the medulla is ____ to cortex
deep
the medullary contains
medullary pyramids
the medulla pyramids have
parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules
the apex of medullary pyramid faces
internally towards pelvis
the pelvis is the
tube continuous with ureter
the minor calyx go towards
major calyx
the nephrons functions in
blood processing
collecting ducts
name the 2 types of mephrons
cortical
juxtamedullary
the cortical nephron is located primarily in
cortex
the juxtamedullary is located
near cortex and medulla border
which nephron produce concentrated urine
juxtamedullary
the juxtamedullary nephron loop of Henle invades
medulla
the renal capsule is made up of
glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
the glomerulus contains
capillaries and fenestrated endothelium
PCT stands for
proximal convoluted tubule
what does the PCT do?
reabsorbs water and solutes from filtrate and secretes substance into filtrate
the loop of henle is made up of
descending limb (thin) ascending limb (thick)
the DCT stands for
distal convoluted tubule
what does DCT do?
secretion primarily
the collecting ducts receives
filtrate from nephrons
afferent arterioles run throughout
renal cortex
afferent arterioles force
fluids and solutes out of blood
peritubular capillaries do what?
reabsorb solutes and water
efferent arterioles do what?
exit glomerulus
DCT lies against the
afferent arteriole
the JGA is a ___
mechanoreceptor
the JGA secretes
renin
the macula densa consist of
DCT cells
osmoreceptors
the macula densa respond to
changes in solute concentration
podocytes of Bowman’s capsule surround
capillaries
filtration slits between the podocytes allow
fluid to pass into Bowman’s capsule
surrounding the endothelial cells is the
basement membrane
T/F glomerular filtration is passive and non-selective
true
____ forces fluid through glomerulus
hydrostatic pressure
Factors affecting GFR(glomerular filtration rate)
surface area available for filtration
membrane permeability
net filtration pressure
Increasing systemic BP causes afferent arterioles
to constrict
what happens in thick loop of henle
active transport of solute out of loop Na+ Cl- K+
the Dct mostly
has diffusion of water
the descending loop of henle only does
diffusion of water
and is impermeable to solutes
the ascending loop of Henle is
impermeable to water
