Urinary System 224 Flashcards
A major part of homeostasis is maintaining
the composition, pH, and volume of body fluids within normal limits
The urinary system removes
metabolic wastes and substances in excess, including foreign substances like drugs and their metabolites that may be toxic
Urinary consists of:
a pair of kidneys
a pair of ureters
a urinary bladder
A urethra
Three Functions of the Urinary System
1-EXCRETION (Removal of organic wastes from body fluid)
2-ELIMINATION (Discharge of waste products)
3: Homeostatic regulation
(Of blood plasma volume and solute concentration)
Function of kidney
Organ that produces urine
Urinary tract are organs that eliminate urine through
•Ureters (paired tubes)
•Urinary bladder (muscular sac)
•Urethra (exit tube)
Urination or micturition is
process of eliminating urine
-Contraction of muscular urinary bladder forces urine through urethra, and out of body
Ureter function
Transports urine towards the urinary bladder
Urinary bladder function
Temporarily stores urine prior to elimination
Urethra function
Conducts urine to exterior; in males, transports semen as well as
Hormone that decreases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys is called
ANP
Movement of bonfires substances from the blood to the filtrate is called tubular
Secretion
Several minor calyces merge to form the
Major calyx
What are functions of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
-transport of sodium and chloride ions
-reabsorption of water
Within renal corpuscle, is the BCOP an inward pressure drawing fluid into the capillaries or an outward pressure forcing fluid out of the capillaries into the glomerular capsule?
Inward
Renin is secreted in response too
-decreased sodium concentration in the filtrate
-a decrease in GFR
The water channels through which water passes by osmosis are called
Aquaporins
Water moves out of the nephron by
Osmosis
Stretching wall of urinary bladder initiates the___ reflex
Micturition (urinating)
Identify substances that are impermeable to the filtration membrane
Proteins and blood cells
The distal convoluted tubules of several nephrons merge to form what structure
Collecting duct
The renal____ is the portion of the total cardiac output that is processed through the kidneys
Fraction
How is angiotensin II formed?
Formed from angiotensin I by angiotensin converting enzyme
The greater the filtration pressure within a glomerulus, the __ the rate of filtration will be
Higher
Identify effects of increased secretions of ADH
- an increase in number of aquaporins
-a decrease in blood osmolarity - increase in kidney reabsorption of water
