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TEAs: Anatomy > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the urinary system also called?

A

Urogenital System

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2
Q

What is the urinary system composed of?

A

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

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3
Q

Where is it urinary system located?

A

Lie against the dorsal body wall. Superior to the lumbar region

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4
Q

What are the two main regions of the kidney?

A

Renal Cortex, renal medulla

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5
Q

What is the renal cortex

A

Produces erythropoietin–outer layer

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6
Q

What is erythropoietin?

A

Hormone that stimulates the production of new red blood cells

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7
Q

What is the renal medulla?

A

regulation of concentration of urine–inner region

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8
Q

what is the renal artery

A

allows oxygenated blood to enter the kidney. renal veins allow filtered, deoxygenated blood to leave the kidney

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9
Q

What does the kidneys produce?

A

urine

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10
Q

What are ureters

A

Small tubes that carry urine from kidney to urinary bladder

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11
Q

Ureters in males

A

the urethra passes through penis and also carries sperm

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12
Q

Ureters in females

A

have a shorter urethra

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13
Q

Purpose of the Urinary system

A

responsible in helping maintain homeostasis by getting rid of waste

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14
Q

What happens if nitrogenous waste is not removed

A

Forms ammonia

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15
Q

What are the jobs of the kidney?

A

Filtering blood
Creating urine
Stabilizing water balance
Maintaining blood pressure
Produce Vitamin D

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16
Q

What is a nephron

A

a system of microscopic tubes that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water

17
Q

Urinary cycle

A

Blood enters the kidney full of waste from metabolism, especially of protein metabolism
enters a nephron capillary connected to the renal artery
flows to the glomerulus, a small, dense group of capillaries in the nephron
material is filtered from the blood
material is called “filtrate” and includes water, urea, glucose, salts, and other small molecules
filtrate moves through the proximal tubule
Water and other important substances to the body are reabsorbed through the capillaries back into the blood
what remains in the tubule, urine, is emptied into a cavity in the kidney and drains from there to the ureter
It is then stored in the urinary bladder
holds 400 to 800 mL of liquid
has sensors that communicate with the central nervous system
Excretion
both the internal and external sphincters of the bladder must relax
From the bladder, the urine is released through the urethra
Released urine is a waste product composed of 95% water, with urea, salts, and excess organic molecules

18
Q

Relationship between urinary and cardiovascular system?

A
  1. Kidneys play a vital role in maintaining blood pressure by controlling the volume of the blood
  2. help to control the production of red blood cells
  3. kidneys also produce renin
19
Q

Urinary System

A

Is composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra and function in the excretory process

20
Q

Bladder

A

The structure that stores urine in the body until elimination

21
Q

Kidneys

A

The pair of organs that regulate fluid balance and filter waste from the blood

22
Q

Renal Cortex

A

The outer layer of the kidney

23
Q

Renal Medulla

A

The innermost part of the kidney

24
Q

Urine

A

Liquid waste excreted by the kidneys

25
Q

Renal Arteries

A

The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys

26
Q

Nephron

A

A system of microscopic tubes in the kidneys that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water

27
Q

Glomerulus

A

A network of capillaries from which blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood

28
Q

Filtrate

A

Materials, including water, that leave the blood through the walls of the glomerular capillaries to enter the Bowman’s capsule​​​​​​​

29
Q

Proximal Tubule

A

The first location where glucose and other useful solutes are reabsorbed back into the blood through the walls of surrounding capillaries. It connects the Bowman’s capsule to the Loop of Henle

30
Q

Renal Vein

A

A vein carrying blood from a kidney to the inferior vena cava

31
Q

Renin

A

An enzyme released by the kidney when reduced blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries

32
Q

Anatomy of the Urinary System

A

Kidney, cortex, medulla, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

33
Q
A

TEAs: Anatomy (13 decks)

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