Immune System

Question 1

Purpose of the Immune System

Answer 1

Protects the body from pathogens

Question 2

What are the two types of immunity?

Answer 2

Innate and Adaptive system

Question 3

What kind of response of does Innate Immune System?

Answer 3

Nonspecific response to pathogens

Question 4

What are the three lines of defense?

Answer 4

First line: skin, mucus, and secretions
Second line: Phagocytes, specific proteins, inflammatory response
Adaptive immunity system

Question 5

What kind of response does adaptive immune system?

Answer 5

Specific response

Question 6

What are the functions of the immune system through barriers?

Answer 6

Prevents entry of pathogens– skin and secretions through acids, enzymes, and salts

Question 7

What happens if external barriers are breached?

Answer 7

Cells and chemicals attack the pathogens

Question 8

What if cells and chemicals attack the pathogens?

Answer 8

Identifies, targets, and remembers the pathogen

Question 9

What are interferons?

Answer 9

proteins that interfere with the production of new viruses, are released if a virus enters the body

Question 10

What are the two responses to specific pathogens?

Answer 10

Cellular and humoral immunity

Question 11

What is cellular response

Answer 11

Destroys infected cells

Question 12

What is Humoral response

Answer 12

destroys pathogens found in body fluids. Uses antibodies secreted by B cells

Question 13

What are the functional cells

Answer 13

Lymphocytes – T cells and B cells

Question 14

What are two ways to protect the body?

What types of immunities

Answer 14

Passive and Active Immunity

Question 15

What is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

Answer 15

caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. Infects helper T cells and prevents them from activating cytotoxic T cells and B cells prevents the adaptive immune system from operating

Question 16

What are allergies?

Answer 16

Overactive immune system can target innocuous foreign particles. Causing the body to overproduce huge amounts of antibodies that trigger a histamine release from mast cells

Question 17

Autoimmune disease

Answer 17

Conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body

Question 18

Innate Defense

Answer 18

A nonspecific response to pathogens by the immune system

Question 19

Adaptive Defense

Answer 19

A specific response by the immune system to a given pathogen

Question 20

Innate Immune System

Answer 20

A collection of nonspecific barriers and cellular responses that serve as an inborn first and second line of defense against pathogens

Question 21

Adaptive Immune System

Answer 21

A kind of passive or active immunity in which antibodies to a particular antigen are present in the body

Question 22

B cells

Answer 22

Lymphocytes that mature in bone marrow and make antibodies in response to antigens

Question 23

T cells

Answer 23

White blood cells that mature in the thymus and participate in an immune response

Question 24

Commensal Microorganism

Answer 24

Microscopic organisms that live in or on the human body without causing it harm

Question 25

Histamine

Answer 25

A white blood cell secretion that triggers capillary permeability and vasodilatation

Question 26

Antimicrobial

Answer 26

A substance that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms with minimal damage to the host

Question 27

Antigens

Answer 27

Substances on the surfaces of agents that act to identify them, to the body, as being native or foreign

Question 28

Antigen-presenting cell

Answer 28

A cell that displays foreign antigens with major histocompatibility complexes on their surfaces

Question 29

Helper T Cells

Answer 29

A type of lymphocyte that secretes interleukins, a protein that triggers the action of other cells, including the attack of foreign cells by the cytotoxic T cell

Question 30

Cytotoxic T cells

Answer 30

The category of lymphocyte that attacks foreign cells

Question 31

Cytokines

Answer 31

Cell signaling molecules released primarily by helper T cells and macrophages. Certain cytokines activate cytotoxic T cells

Question 32

Antibody

Answer 32

A blood protein that counteracts a specific antigen

Question 33

Memory cell

Answer 33

A lymphocyte that responds to an antigen upon reintroduction

Question 34

Active Immunity

Answer 34

Protection against a specific pathogen resulting from the production of antibodies in response to the presence of specific antigens

Question 35

Passive Immunity

Answer 35

Temporary immunity gained by a body that has acquired antibodies from an outside source

Question 36

Autoimmune disease

Answer 36

A pathology that results from the immune system mistaking part of the body as a pathogen

Question 37

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 37

A progressive autoimmune disease that causes joint inflammation and pain

Question 38

Bone marrow

Answer 38

A soft material within spongy bone and medullary cavity of long bones

Question 39

Skeletal System

Answer 39

The system of bones in the body that provides protection for delicate organs and serves as the scaffold against which muscles pull for movement. It has three main functions: movement, protection, and storage of minerals and fat