Endocrine System Flashcards
Purpose of the endocrine system
Regulates blood production, appetite, reproduction, brain function, sleep cycle, electrolyte balance, growth, sexual development, and response to stress and injury
Major glands of the endocrine system
Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal
What organs contain endocrine tissue
Pancreas, ovaries, testes
Where is the pituitary gland located?
hypothalamus
Where is the pineal gland located?
Middle of the brain
Where is the parathyroid gland located?
In the neck
Where is the adrenal gland located?
on top of each kidney
Different chemical structures of different hormones
lipid-base hormones, Polar hormones
What is a lipid-based hormone?
Regulates DNA and effects are long lasting
What is a polar hormone?
Released in response to stress, and their actions are short lived
What is hyperthyroidism?
The thyroid releases too much thyroxine
What is gigantism?
Pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone. Too much GH in children–gigantism. In adults: acromegaly
Correlation between CNS and Endocrine system
NS involved in rapid communication within the body as it detects stimuli and coordinates responses quickly
Negative Feedback
A mechanism that includes the monitoring for specific homeostatic levels and a signal to a gland. This signal stimulates or inhibits the gland’s secretion in order to maintain homeostasis or cause compensations that returns the level to homeostasis
Thyroid
The gland in the neck that secretes hormones that regulate growth, development, and metabolic rate
