urinary system Flashcards
-ia
condition
ammon-
ammonia
ammon-ia
toxic breakdown product of amino acids (proteins)
bladder
hollow sac that holds fluid; urine or bile
calyx
cup of a flower; funnel shaped structure
filter
strain through material; porous substance used to separate liquids and gases from particulate matter; or subject a substance to action of a filter
-ate
composed of, pertaining to
filtr-
strain through
-ation
process
filtr-ate
liquid that has passed through a filter
filtr-ation
process of passing liquid through a filter
glomerulus
small ball of yarn; network of capillaries in a nephron
hilum
small bit; opening where the nerve and blood vessels enter and leave an organ
kidney
organ of excretion
nephron
kidney; filtration unit of kidney; composed of glomerulus and renal tubule
-logy
study of
nephr/o-
kidney
-logist
one who studies, specialist
nephr/o-logy
medical specialty of diseases of kidney
nephr/o-logist
medical specialist in disorders of kidney
-ous
pertaining to
nitr/o-
nitrogen
-gen-
create
nitr/o-gen
containing or generating nitrogen
-al
pertaining to
ren-
kidney
ren-al
pertaining to kidney
urea
urine; end product of nitrogen metabolism
ureter
urinary canal; tube that connects each kidney to urinary bladder
-al
pertaining to
ureter-
ureter
ureter-al
pertaining to ureter
urine
fluid and dissolved substances excreted by kidney
-ary
pertaining to
urin-
urine
urin-ary
pertaining to urine
urin-ate
to pass urine
urin-ation
process of passing urine
ur/o-
urinary system
ur/o-logy
medical specialty that studies the urinary system
ur/o-logist
specialist in urology
ur/o-log-ical
pertaining to urology
-etic
pertaining to
di(a)-
complete
-ur-
urine
-esis
condition
di-ur-etic
agent that increases urine output
di-ur-esis
excretion of large volume of urine
glomerul/o-
glomerulus
-nephr-
kidney
glomerul/o-nephr-itis
infection of glomeruli of kidney
-uria
urine
hemat-
blood
hemat-uria
blood in urine
nephr-ectomy
surgical removal of kidney
-oma
tumor, mass
nephr/o-
kidney
-blast-
immature cell
nephr/o-blast-oma
cancerous kidney tumor of childhood
Wilms tumor
Max Wilms, German surgeon
nephr/o-pathy
any disease of kidney
-tic
pertaining to
nephr/o-
kidney
-osis
condition
nephr/o-tic syndrome
glomerular disease with marked loss of protein
nephr-osis
nephrotic syndrome
-gram
record, recording
pyel/o-
renal pelvis
pyel/o-gram
x-ray image of renal pelvis and ureters using contrast media
an-
a lack of, no
an-ur-ia
absence of urine production
dia-
complete
-lysis
destruction
hem/o-
blood
dia-lysis
artificial method of filtration to remove excess waster materials and water from body
hem/o-dia-lysis
artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials and water directly from blood
nephr-itis
inflammation of kidney
olig
scanty
olig-ur-ia
scanty production of urine
poly-
many
-cyst
sac, bladder, cyst
poly-cyst-ic
composed of many cysts
pyel/o-
renal pelvis
pyel/o-nephr-itis
inflammation of kidney and renal pelvis
-ling
small
sib-
relative
sib-ling
brother or sister
trans-
across
-plant
insert, plant
trans-plant
act of transferring tissue from one person to another
-emia
blood condition
ur-
urine
ur-emia
complex of symptoms arising from renal failure
calculus
pebble; small stone
dipstick
strip of plastic or paper bearing squares of reagent that change color to indicate presence of chemicals
-eal
pertaining to
extra-
outside
-corpor-
body
extra-corpor-eal
outside the body
flank
broad; side of body between the pelvis and ribs
groin
groin; crease where the thigh joins the abdomen
-osis
condition
hydr/o-
water
-nephr/o-
kidney
-tic
pertaining to
hydr/o-nephr-osis
dilation of pelvis and calyces of kidney
hydr/o-nephr/o-tic
pertaining to or suffering from dilation of pelvis and calyces of kidney
lith-
stone
nephr/o-lith-iasis
presence of kidney stone
peri-
around
-stalsis
constrict
peri-stalsis
waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the muscle wall of a tube
enur-
urinate in
enur-esis
involuntary of bedwetting
meatus
passage; external opening of passage
-ition
process
mictur-
pass urine
-ate
pertaining to
mictur-ition
act of passing urine
mictur-ate
pass urine
reflex
to bend back; involuntary response to a stimulus
sphincter
a band; band of muscle that encircles an opening; when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed
urethra
passage for urine; tube that carries urine from bladder to outside
urethr-al
pertaining to urethra
void
to empty; to evacuate urine or feces
voluntary
acting in obedience to the will
in-
not
in-voluntary
independent of or contrary to the will
cyst-itis
inflammation of urinary bladder
dys-ur-ia
difficulty or pain w urination
in-
not
-contin-
hold together
in-contin-ence
inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces
in-contin-ent
denoting incontinence
pyel-itis
inflammation of renal pelvis
pyel/o-nephr-itis
inflammation of kidney and renal pelvis
retention
hold back; holding back in body what should normally be discharged
supra-
above
-pub-
pubis
supra-pub-ic
above the symphysis pubis
urethr-itis
inflammation of urethra
vesic/o-
bladder
vesic/o-ureter-al
backward flow of urine from bladder into the ureter
re-
back
-flux
flow
cast
pure; cylindrical mold formed by materials in kidney tubules
cyst/o-
bladder
cyst/o-scope
endoscope inserted to view the inside of bladder
cyst/o-scopy
process of using a cystoscope
-gram
to record
cyst/o-
bladder
-urethr/o-
urethra
cyst/o-urethr/o-gram
x-ray image during voiding to show structure and function of bladder and urethra
-ia
condition
glyc/o-
glucose
-ur-
urinary system
glyc/o-sur-ia
presence of glucose in urine
ketone
acetone; chemical found in uncontrolled diabetes or in starvation
ket/o-sis
excess production of ketones
ket/o-acid/o-sis
excessive production of ketones, making the blood acid
nitrite
niter, saltpeter; chemical formed in urine by e.coli and other microorganisms
protein-ur-ia
presence of protein in urine
retro-grade
reversal of normal flow; example back from the bladder into the ureters
urin/a-lysis
examination of urine to separate it into its elements and define their kind and/or quantity
-ory
relating to
ambulat-
walk
ambulat-ory
relating to walking
catheter
to send down; hollow tube that allows passage of fluid into or out of a body cavity, organ, vessel
=pexy
surgical fixation
cyst/o-
bladder
cyst/o-pexy
surgical procedure to support the urinary bladder
dia-lysis
artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials and water from body
-lyzer
separator
dia-lyzer
machine that performs dialysis
hem/o-dia-lysis
artificial machine based method to remove wastes from the blood
extra-corpor-eal
outside the body
Kegal exercises
contraction and relaxation of pelvic floor muscles to improve urethral and rectal sphincter function
lith/o-tripsy
crushing stones by sound waves
-tripsy
to crush
lith/o-tripter
instrument that generates sound waves
-tripter
crusher
nephr/o-lith/o-tomy
incision to remove a renal stone
nephr/o-scope
endoscope to view inside kidney
nephr/o-scopy
visual exam of kidney
per-
through
cutane/o-
skin
per-cutane/o-us
pertaining to through the skine
trans-plant
act of transferring tissue from one person to another
ureter/o-scope
endoscope to view inside of ureter
ureter/o-scopy
endoscopic exam of inside of ureter
-cholin-
choline
-erg-
work
anti-cholin-erg-ic
antagonist to parasympathetic nerve fibers
anti-de-press-ant
agent used to counteract depression
-kal-
potassium
hyper-kal-emia
excessive amount of potassium in blood
osmo-
push
osmo-sis
passage of solvent across cell membrane
potent
power; possessing strength,
thiaz-
blue dye
-ide
having a special quality
thiaz-ide
abbreviated form of benzothiadiazide, class of diuretic
uric acid
relating to urine; chemical white crystals poorly soluble in urine
-suric
excess
uric/o-suric
pertaining to excessive amounts of uric acid in urine
