endocrine system Flashcards
1
Q
-di-
A
complete
2
Q
-uret-
A
urination
3
Q
anti-di-uret-ic
A
agent that decreases urine production
4
Q
endo-
A
within
5
Q
-crine
A
secrete
6
Q
-logy
A
study of
7
Q
-logist
A
one who studies, specialist
8
Q
endo-crine
A
gland that produces an internal or hormonal secretion
9
Q
endo-crin/o-logy
A
medical specialty concerned with production and effects of hormones
10
Q
endo-crin/o-logist
A
medical specialist in endocrinology
11
Q
hormone
A
to set in motion; chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by bloodstream to stimulate or inhibit a function of another tissue or organ
12
Q
hormon-al
A
pertaining to hormones
13
Q
-us
A
pertainin gto
14
Q
hypo-
A
below
15
Q
hypo-thalam-us
A
endocrine gland in floor and wall of third ventricle of brain
16
Q
hypo-thalam-ic
A
pertaining to hypothalamus
17
Q
-in
A
substance
18
Q
mela-
A
black
19
Q
-ton-
A
tension, pressure
20
Q
mela-ton-in
A
hormone formed by pineal gland
21
Q
oxy-
A
oxygen
22
Q
-toc-
A
labor and childbirth
23
Q
oxy-toc-in
A
pituitary hormone that stimulates the uterus to contract
24
Q
pineal
A
like a pine cone; pertaining to pineal gland
25
-ary
pertaining to
26
pituit-
pituitary
27
pituit-ary
pertaining to pituitary gland
28
prostat-
prostate
29
-gland-
gland
30
prostat-gland-in
hormone present in many tissues; but first isolated from prostate gland
31
ser/o-
serum
32
-ton-
tensions, pressure
33
ser/o-ton-in
neurotransmitter in central and peripheral nervous system
34
-megaly
enlargement
35
acr/o-
peak, highest point
36
acr/o-megaly
enlargement of head, face, hands, feet due to excess growth hormone after growth plates have closed
37
-tropic
turning, change
38
adren/o-
adrenal gland
39
-cortic/o-
from cortex
40
adren/o-cortic/o-tropic
hormone of anterior pituitary that stimulates the cortex of adrenal gland to produce its own hormones
41
-steroid
steroid
42
cortic/o-
from cortex
43
cortic/o-steroid
hormone produced by adrenal cortex
44
-tropin
stimulation
45
cortic/o-tropin
pituitary hormone that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to secrete cortisone
46
cortis-one
corticosteroid produced in small amounts by adrenal cortex
47
diabetes
siphon
48
in-
not
49
-sipid-
flavor
50
-us
pertaining to
51
diabetes in-sipid-us
excretion of large amounts of dilute urine as a result of inadequate antidiuretic hormone production
52
gonad/o-
testis, ovary
53
gonad/o-tropin
any hormone that stimulates gonadal function
54
gonad
seed; organ that produces sex cells; testis or an ovary
55
-one
hormone
56
hydr/o-
water
57
hydr/o-cortis-one
potent glucocorticoid w antiinflammatory properties
58
pro-
before
59
-lact-
milk
60
pro-lact-in
pituitary hormone that stimulates the production of milk
61
-trophin
stimulation
62
somat/o-
the body
63
somat/o-trophin
hormone of anterior pituitary that stimulates the growth of body tissues
64
thyr/o-tropin
hormone from anterior pituitary gland that stimulates function of thyroid gland
65
aden-oma
benign neoplasm of epithelial tissue
66
bio-psy
process of removing tissue from living patients for microscopic exam
67
chiasm
cross; x shaped crossing of two optic nerves at base of brain
68
opt-ic
pertaining to eye
69
osmol-
concentration
70
osmol-al-ity
concentration of a solution
71
tumor
swelling; abnormal swelling
72
analog
proportionate; compound that resembles another in structure but not in function; analog is a means of transmission of continuous info to our senses, in contrast w the digital transmission of only zeros and ones
73
-tomy
incision
74
crani/o-
cranium
75
crani/o-tomy
incision of skull
76
endo-
inside
77
endo-scope
instrument for viewing the inside of a tubular or hollow organ
78
endo-scop-ic
pertaining to an endoscope
79
gamma knife
minimally invasive radiosurgical system
80
proton
first; positively charged unit of nuclear mass
81
stere/o-
three dimensional
82
-tact-
orderly arrangement
83
stere/o-tact-ic
pertaining to precise three dimensional method to locate lesion or tumor
84
trans-nas-al
through the nose
85
sphen/o-
wedge
86
trans-sphen/o-id
through sphenoid sinus
87
calc/i-ton-in
hormone produced by thyroid gland that moves calcium from blood to bones
88
emac/i-
make thin
89
emac/i-ation
abnormal thinness
90
emac/i-ated
pertaining to or suffering from emaciation
91
para-
adjacent, beside
92
para-thyri-oid
endocrine glands embedded in back of thyroid gland
93
thymus
sweetbread; endocrine gland located in mediastinum
94
thyroid
an oblong shield; endocrine gland in neck; cartilage of larynx
95
thyr-ox-ine
thyroid hormone T4, tetraiodthyronine
96
cretin
severe congenital hypothyroidism
97
cretin-ism
condition of severe congenital hypothyroidisme
98
ex-
out
99
-ophthalmos
eye
100
ex-ophthalmos
protrusion of eyeball
101
goiter
throat; benign enlargement of thyroid gland
102
graves disease
hyperthyroidism with toxis goiter
103
hashimoto disease
autoimmune disease of thyroid gland
104
hyper-para-thyr-oid-ism
excessive levels of parathyroid hormone
105
hypo-para-thyr-oid-ism
deficient levels of parathyroid hormone
106
-pyrex-
fever
107
hyper-pyrex-ia
extremely high body temp or fever
108
hyper-thyr-oid-ism
excessive production of thyroid hormones
109
hypo-thyr-oid-ism
deficient production of thyroid hormones
110
-ine
pertaining to
111
iod-
violet
112
iod-ine
chemical element, the lack of which causes thyroid disease
113
myx-
mucus
114
-edema
swelling
115
myx-edema
nonpitting, waxy edema of skin in hypothyroidism
116
tetany
convulsive tension; severe muscle twitches, cramps, and spasms
117
-ectomy
surgical, excision
118
-oid-
resembling
119
thyr-oid-ectomy
surgical removal of thyroid gland
120
thyr-oid-itis
inflammation of thyroid gland
121
-toxic/o-
poison
122
thyr/o-toxic/o-sis
disorder produced by excessive thyroid hormone production
123
ablat-
take away
124
ablat-ion
removal of tissue to destroy its function
125
aspirat-ion
removal by suction of fluid or gas from body cavity
126
iso-
equal
127
-tope
part
128
-top-
part
129
iso-tope
radioactive element; some of these elements are used in diagnostic procedures
130
iso-top-ic
of identical chemical composition
131
lob-ectomy
surgical removal of lobe of the lungs or thyroid gland
132
lymphaden-
lymph node
133
lymphaden-ectomy
surgical excision of a lymph node
134
-ive
pertaining to
135
radi/o-
radiation
136
-act-
performance
137
radi/o-act-ive iodine
any of various tracers that emit alpha, beta, or gamma rays
138
-graphy
recording
139
ultra-
beyond
140
son/o-
sound
141
ultra-son/o-graphy
delineation of deep structures using sound waves
142
Addison disease
autoimmune disease leading to decreased production of adrenocortical steroids
143
-al
pertaining to
144
ad-
to, toward
145
-ren-
kidney
146
supra-
above
147
-ine
pertaining to
148
epi-
above
149
-nephr-
kidney
150
ad-ren-al supra-ren-al
endocrine gland on upper pole of each kidney
151
ad-ren-al epi-nephr-ine
main catecholamine produced by adrenal medulla
152
adren/o-
adrenal
153
-cortic-
cortex
154
adren/o-cortic-al
pertaining to cortex of the adrenal gland
155
-one
hormone
156
ald/o-
organic compound
157
-ster-
steroid
158
ald/o-ster-one
mineralocorticoid hormone of adrenal cortex
159
-amine
nitrogen-containing substance
160
catechol-
tyrosine containing
161
catechol-amine
major elements produced by adrenal cortex in stress response; including epinephrine and norepinephrine
162
cushing syndrome
hypersecretion of cortisol (hydrocortisone) by adrenal gland
163
Facies
appearance; facial features and expressions
164
gluc/o-cortic-oid
hormone of adrenal cortex that helps regulate glucose metabolism
165
hydr/o-
water
166
hydr/o-cortis-one
potent glucocorticoid w anti inflammatory properties
167
idi/o-
unknown
168
-path-
disease
169
idi/o-path-ic
pertaining to a disease of unknown etiology
170
mineral/o-
inorganic material
171
mineral/o-cortic-oid
hormone of adrenal cortex that influences sodium and potassium metabolism
172
nor-
normal
173
-epi-
above
174
-nephr-
kidney
175
nor-epi-nephr-ine
catecholamine hormone of adrenal gland that is sympathetic neurotransmitter
176
ster-
solid
177
ster-oid
large family of chemical substances found in many drugs, hormones, any body components
178
ambiguous
to wander; uncertain
179
andr/o-
male
180
andr/o-gen
hormone that produces masculine characterstics
181
cortex
outer covering; outer portion of an organ
182
genit-
primary male or female sex organs
183
genit-al
relating to primary male or female sex organs
184
-ia
condition
185
-plas-
formation
186
hyper-plas-ia
increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ
187
medulla
marrow; central part of a structure surrounded by cortex
188
ster-
solid
189
ster-oid
large family of chemical substances found in hormones, body components, and drugs
190
exo-
outward
191
-crine
secrete
192
exo-crine
gland that secretes outwardly through excretory ducts
193
-agon
to fight
194
gluc-
sugar, glucose
195
gluc-agon
pancreatic hormone that supports blood glucose levels
196
-genesis
creation
197
-neo-
new
198
gluc/o-neo-genesis
formation of glucose from noncarb sources
199
-ose
full of
200
gluc-ose
final product of carbohydrate digestion and main sugar in blood
201
-lysis
separate, dissolve
202
glyc/o-
glycogen
203
-gen/o-
create
204
glyc/o-gen/o-lysis
conversion of glycogen to glucose
205
-in
a substance
206
insul-
an island
207
insul-in
hormone produced by islet cells of pancreas
208
pancreat-
pancreas
209
-et
a little
210
isl-
island
211
pancreat-ic isl-ets
areas of pancreatic cells that produced insulin and glucagon
212
-statin
inhibits
213
somat/o-
body
214
somat/o-stain
hormone that inhibits release of growth hormone and insulin
215
-ation
a process
216
amput-
to prune, lop off
217
amput-ation
process of removing a limb, part of limb, a breast, or other projecting part
218
auto-
self, same
219
-anti-
against
220
-body
body
221
auto-anti-body
antibody produced in response to an antigen from host's own tissue
222
coma
deep sleep; state of deep unconsciousness
223
comat-
coma
224
comat-ose
in a state of coma
225
diabetes mellitus
a siphon; sweetened w honey; metabolic syndrome caused by absolute or relative insulin
226
diabet-
diabetes
227
diabet-ic
pertaining to or suffering from diabetes
228
-emia
blood condition
229
hyper-
above
230
-glyc-
glucose
231
-emic
pertaining to a blood condition
232
hyper-glyc-emia
high level of glucose in blood
233
hyper-glyc-emic
pertaining to or suffering from low blood sugar
234
nephr/o-pathy
any disease of kidney
235
neur/o-pathy
any disease of nervous system
236
-ia
condition
237
par-
abnormal
238
-esthes-
sensation
239
par-esthes-ia
abnormal sensation (tingling, burning, pricking)
240
-ia
condtion
241
poly-
many, excessive
242
-dips-
thirst
243
poly-dips-ia
excessive thirst
244
-phag-
eat
245
poly-phag-ia
excessive eating
246
poly-ur-ia
excessive production of urine
247
retin/o-
retina of eye
248
retin/o-pathy
degenerative disease of retina
249
acetone
vinegar; ketone that is found in blood, urine, and breath when diabetes mellitus is out of control
250
-osis
condition
251
ket/o-
ketone
252
-acid
acid
253
ket/o-acid-osis
excessive ketones in blood, making it acidic
254
ketone
acetone; chemical found in uncontrolled diabetes or in starvation
255
ket-osis
excessive production of ketones
256
lethargy
drowsiness; abnormal drowsiness in depth or length of time
257
metabol-
change
258
metabol-ic acid-osis
decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in metabolism
259
saline
salt; salt solution, usually sodium chloride
260
