Diagnostic/Procedues & Phamacology for Bone Disorders Flashcards
primary bone cancer
malignant tumors that START in the bone
metastatic cancer
cancer that SPREADS to the bone from other organs
Bone mineral density (BMD)
screening using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA scan)
follows osteoporosis
Nuclear bone density
radioactive substance injected into bloodsteam. Travels into bones and detected by a cam.
Shows bone infection (arthritis, primary/metastatic cancer)
Blood tests
examine serum calcium, serum alkaline phosphate, serum phosphate. can be abnormal in metabolic bone disorders
bone biopsy
ultimate way to establish a diagnosis of osteomalacia
X-ray
shows location, shape, and size of bone tumor
Computed tomography (CAT or CT) scan
detailed pictures of body, created by X-ray like machine
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
magnet linked to a comp to create pics of body w out using X-ray
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
uses radioactive glucose, injected into bloodstream and a scanner that makes computerized picture of body where glucose is being used.
Cancer cells is more detected by glucose than normal cells
-opsy
to view
bio-
life
Biopsy
needle or incision
process of removing tissue from a living person for lab examination
Surgery
surgeon removes tumor with margins that are negative for cancer cells.
chem/o
chemical
therapy
medical treatment
chem/o-therapy
use of anticancer drugs to kill cancer cells
radi/o-
x-ray, radiation
radiotherapy
high energy x-rays to kill cancer
often used with surgery
cry/o
icy cold
cry/o-surg-ery
liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer cells
drug therapy
bone preserving meds (calcitonin) prevents the loss bone mass
-ation
process
amput-
to prune, top off
amput-ation
process of removing limb, part of, or other projecting part
-ate
composed of
bi-
two
-phos-
phosphate
-phon-
sound
bi-phos-phon-ate
class of drugs used to prevent and treat fragile bones
estr/o
women
-gen
produce, create
estr/o-gen
hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics
-ose
full of
gluc-
sugar, glucose
gulc-ose
final product of carbohydrate digestion and main sugar in blood
incis-
cut into
incis-ion
cut or surgical wound
incis-ion-al
pertaining to incision
acetaminophen
med that modifies or relieves pain
-in
chemical compound
calci-
calcium
-ton-
tension, pressure
calci-ton-in
hormone that moves calcium from blood to bones
-oid
resembling
cortic/o
cortisone
-ster-
steroid
cortic/o-ster-oid
hormone produced by adrenal cortex
inhibit
to keep back
curb or restrain
inhibitor
agent that curbs or restrains
intra-
inside
-articul-
joint
intra-articul-ar
pertaining to inside a joint