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Medical Terminolgy > Cardiovascular and Circulatory Systems > Flashcards

Cardiovascular and Circulatory Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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2
Q

cardi-

A

heart

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3
Q

cardi-ac

A

pertaining to the heart

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4
Q

-logist

A

one who studies, specialist

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5
Q

cardi/o-

A

heart

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6
Q

cardi/o-logist

A

medical specialist in diagnosis and treatment of heart (cardiology)

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7
Q

-logy

A

study of

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8
Q

cardi/o-logy

A

medical specialty of disease of the heart

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9
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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10
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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11
Q

-pulmon-

A

lung

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12
Q

cardi/o-pulmon-ary

A

attempt to restore cardiac and pulmonary function

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13
Q

-ation

A

process

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14
Q

resuscit-

A

revive from apparent death

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15
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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16
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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17
Q

-vascul-

A

blood vessel

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18
Q

cardi/o-vascul-ar

A

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

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19
Q

-esis

A

condition

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20
Q

diaphor-

A

sweat

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21
Q

-etic

A

pertaining to

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22
Q

diaphor-esis

A

sweat, perspiration, sweaty

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23
Q

diaphor-eitc

A

pertaining to sweat or perspiration

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24
Q

-gram

A

a record

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25
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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26
Q

-cardi/o-

A

heart

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27
Q

electr/o-cardi/o-gram

A

record of the electrical signals of the heart

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28
Q

-graph

A

to record

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29
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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30
Q

electr/o-cardi/o-graph

A

machine that produces the electrocardiogram

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31
Q

electr/o-cardi/o-graphy

A

method of recording and the interpretation of electrocardiograms

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32
Q

-ode

A

way, road

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33
Q

electr-

A

electricity

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34
Q

electr-ode

A

device for conducting electricity

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35
Q

-um

A

structure

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36
Q

media-

A

middle

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37
Q

-stin-

A

partition

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38
Q

media-stin-um

A

area between lungs containing heart, aorta, venae vacae, esophagus, trachea

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39
Q

-ion

A

action

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40
Q

perfus-

A

to pour

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41
Q

perfus-ion

A

act of forcing blood to flow thru a lumen or a vascular bed

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42
Q

-ist

A

specialist

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43
Q

phleb/o-

A

vein

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44
Q

-tom-

A

incise, cut

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45
Q

phleb/o-tom-ist

A

person skilled in taking blood from veins

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46
Q

-tomy

A

surgical, incision

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47
Q

phleb/o-tomy

A

withdrawing blood from a vein thru a needle or catheter

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48
Q

sternum

A

the chest; long, flat bone forming the center of the anterior wall of the chest

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49
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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50
Q

thorac-

A

chest

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51
Q

cavity

A

hollow

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52
Q

thorac-ic cavity

A

space w in chest containing the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, venae cavae, pulmonary vessels

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53
Q

aort-ic

A

pertaining to the aorta

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54
Q

aorta

A

main trunk of systemic arterial system

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55
Q

circulat-

A

circular route

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56
Q

coron-

A

crown, coronary

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57
Q

-ion

A

action

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58
Q

coron-ary circulat-ion

A

blood vessels supplying heart muscle

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59
Q

-um

A

structure

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60
Q

endo-

A

inside

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61
Q

-cardi-

A

heart

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62
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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63
Q

endo-cardi-um

A

inside lining of heart

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64
Q

endo-cardi-al

A

pertaining to epicardium

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65
Q

in-

A

in

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66
Q

-farct-

A

area of dead tissue

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67
Q

-ion

A

action, condition

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68
Q

in-farct

A

area of cell death resulting from an infarction

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69
Q

in-farct-ion

A

sudden blockage of an artery

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70
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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71
Q

isch-

A

to keep back

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72
Q

-emic

A

condition of blood

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73
Q

isch-emia

A

lack of blood supply to a tissue

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74
Q

isch-emic

A

pertaining to or affected by lack of blood supply to a tissue

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75
Q

-um

A

structure

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76
Q

my/o-

A

muscle

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77
Q

-cardi-

A

heart

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78
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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79
Q

my/o-cardi-um

A

muscular layer of heart

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80
Q

my/o-cardi-al

A

pertaining to heart muscle

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81
Q

-osis

A

condition

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82
Q

necr-

A

death

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83
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

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84
Q

necr/o

A

death

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85
Q

necr/o-sis

A

pathologic death of cells or tissue

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86
Q

necr/o-tic

A

pertaining to or affected by necrosis (death)

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87
Q

-um

A

structure

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88
Q

peri-

A

around

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89
Q

-cardi-

A

heart

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90
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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91
Q

peri-cardi-um

A

double layer of membranes surrounding the heart

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92
Q

peri/cardi-al

A

pertaining to pericardium

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93
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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94
Q

pulmon-

A

lung

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95
Q

pulmon-ary

A

pertaining to lungs and their blood supply

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96
Q

-um

A

structure

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97
Q

atri-

A

entrance, atrium

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98
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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99
Q

atri-um

A

chamber where blood enters heart on both the right and left sides

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100
Q

atri-al

A

pertaining to atrium

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101
Q

-id

A

having a particular quality

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102
Q

bi-

A

two

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103
Q

-cusp-

A

point

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104
Q

bi-cusp-id

A

having two points; a bicuspid heart valve has two flaps

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105
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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106
Q

inter-

A

between

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107
Q

-atri-

A

atrium

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108
Q

inter-atri-al

A

between atria of heart

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109
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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110
Q

inter-

A

between

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111
Q

-ventricul-

A

ventricle

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112
Q

inter-ventricul-ar

A

between ventricles of heart

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113
Q

mitral

A

turban; shaped like headdress of catholic bishop

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114
Q

septum

A

partition; thin wall dividing two cavities

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115
Q

-id

A

having a particular quality

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116
Q

tri-

A

three

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117
Q

-cusp-

A

point

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118
Q

tri-cusp-id

A

having three point; tricuspid heart valve has 3 flaps

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119
Q

ventricle

A

small belly; chamber of heart (pumps blood) or a cavity in brain (produces cerebrospinal fluid)

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120
Q

-ia

A

condition

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121
Q

a-

A

without

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122
Q

-rrhythm-

A

rhythm

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123
Q

a-rrhythm-ia

A

condition when heart rhythm is abnormal

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124
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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125
Q

atri/o-

A

entrance, atrium

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126
Q

-ventricul-

A

ventricle

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127
Q

atri/o-ventricul-ar

A

pertaining to both atrium and ventricle

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128
Q

-ia

A

condition

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129
Q

-card-

A

heart

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130
Q

brady-

A

slow

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131
Q

brady-card-ia

A

condition of slow heart beat

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132
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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133
Q

diastol-

A

diastole

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134
Q

diastole

A

dilation; dilation of heart cavities, during which they fill w blood

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135
Q

diastol-ic

A

pertaining to diastole

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136
Q

-ia

A

pertaining to

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137
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult

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138
Q

-rhythm-

A

rhythm

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139
Q

dys-rhythm-ia

A

abnormal heart rhythm

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140
Q

murmur

A

low voice; abnormal heart sound heard w a stethoscope when a valve closes or open abnormally

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141
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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142
Q

sin/o-

A

sinus

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143
Q

-atri-

A

atrium

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144
Q

sin/o-atri-al node

A

center of modified cardiac muscle fibers in wall of right atrium that acts as the pacemaker for heart rhythm

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145
Q

sinus rhythm

A

channel, cavity rhythm; to flow; normal (optimal) heart rhythm arising from sinoatrial node

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146
Q

systole

A

contraction; contraction of heart muscle

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147
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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148
Q

systol-

A

systole, condition

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149
Q

systol-ic

A

pertaining to systole

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150
Q

-ia

A

condition

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151
Q

-card-

A

heart

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152
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

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153
Q

tachy-card-ia

A

condition of rapid heart beat

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154
Q

vital

A

life

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155
Q

signs

A

mark

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156
Q

vital signs

A

procedure during physical exam in temp, pulse, respirations, blood pressure are measure to assess general health and cardiorespiratory function

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157
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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158
Q

-version

A

change

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159
Q

cardi/o-version

A

restoration of normal heart rhythm by electric shock or meds

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160
Q

-ation

A

process

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161
Q

de-

A

from, out of

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162
Q

-fibrill-

A

small fiber

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163
Q

-ator

A

instrument

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164
Q

de-fibrill-ation

A

restoration of normal cardiac activity in life threatening cardian arrhythmias

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165
Q

de-fibrill-ator

A

instrument for defibrillation

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166
Q

-ation

A

process

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167
Q

fibrill-

A

small fiber

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168
Q

fibrill-ation

A

uncontrolled quivering or twitching of heart muscle

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169
Q

-able

A

capable

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170
Q

im-

A

in

171
Q

-plant-

A

insert

172
Q

im-plant-able

A

device that can be inserted into tissues

173
Q

-maker

A

one who makes

174
Q

pace-

A

step

175
Q

pace-maker

A

device that regulates cardiac electrical activity

176
Q

-ation

A

a process

177
Q

palpit-

A

throb

178
Q

palpit-ation

A

forcible, rapid beat of heart felt by the patient

179
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

180
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

181
Q

cardi/o-megaly

A

enlargement of heart

182
Q

-pathy

A

disease

183
Q

cardi/o-

A

heart

184
Q

-my/o-

A

muscle

185
Q

cardi/o-my/o-pathy

A

disease of heart muscle, myocardium

186
Q

cor

A

heart

187
Q

-ale

A

pertaining to

188
Q

pulmon-

A

lung

189
Q

cor pulmon-ale

A

right-sided heart failure arising from chronic lung disease

190
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

191
Q

endo-

A

within

192
Q

-cardi-

A

heart

193
Q

endo-cardi-itis

A

inflammation of the lining of the heart

194
Q

-ate

A

pertaining to

195
Q

ex-

A

out of

196
Q

-sud-

A

sweat

197
Q

ex-ud-ate

A

fluid that has passed out of a tissue or capillaries as a result of inflammation or injury

198
Q

hyper-

A

above, excessive

199
Q

-trophy

A

development

200
Q

hyper-trophy

A

increase in size, but not in number, of an indiv tissue element

201
Q

-ence

A

quality of

202
Q

in-

A

not

203
Q

-compet-

A

strive together

204
Q

in-compet-ence

A

failure of a valve to close completely

205
Q

-ency

A

quality of

206
Q

in-

A

not

207
Q

-suffic/i-

A

enough

208
Q

in-suffic/i-ency

A

lack of completeness of function; a heart valve that fails to close properly

209
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

210
Q

my/o

A

muscle

211
Q

-cardi-

A

heart

212
Q

my/o-card-itis

A

inflammation of heart muscle

213
Q

peri-

A

around

214
Q

peri-card-itis

A

inflammation of pericardium, covering of heart

215
Q

prolapse

A

falling; organ slips out of normal position

216
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

217
Q

prosthet-

A

artificial part

218
Q

prosthe-sis

A

an addition; manufactured substitute for a missing or diseased part of the body

219
Q

prosthet-ic

A

pertaining to a prosthesis

220
Q

-ate

A

pertaining to

221
Q

re-

A

back

222
Q

-gurgit-

A

flood

223
Q

re-gurgit-ate

A

flow backward; blood thru heart valve

224
Q

-sis

A

abnormal condition

225
Q

sten/o-

A

narrow

226
Q

sten/o-sis

A

narrowing of a canal or passage of a heart valve

227
Q

-ade

A

process

228
Q

tampon-

A

plugta

229
Q

tampon-ade

A

pathologic compression of an organ; heart

230
Q

an-

A

without

231
Q

-ox-

A

oxygen

232
Q

an-ox-ia

A

without oxygen

233
Q

an-ox-ic

A

pertaining to or suffering from lack of oxygen

234
Q

-sis

A

abnormal condition

235
Q

arteri/o-

A

artery

236
Q

-scler/o-

A

hardness

237
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

238
Q

arteri/o-scler/o-sis

A

hardening of arteries

239
Q

arteri/o-scler/o-tic

A

pertaining to or affected by arteriosclerosis

240
Q

a-

A

without

241
Q

-systol/e

A

contraction

242
Q

a-systol/e

A

absence of contractions of heart

243
Q

-oma

A

tumor

244
Q

ather-

A

porridge, gruel

245
Q

ather-oma

A

fatty deposit in the lining of an artery

246
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical excision

247
Q

-sis

A

abnormal condition

248
Q

-scler/o-

A

hardness

249
Q

ather-ectomy

A

surgical removal of atheroma

250
Q

ather/-scler/o-sis

A

hardening of the arteries due to atheroma (plaque)

251
Q

cardi/o-

A

heart

252
Q

-gen-

A

produce

253
Q

cardi/o-gen-ic

A

of cardiac origin

254
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

255
Q

-emic

A

condition in blood

256
Q

hypo-

A

below

257
Q

-vol-

A

volume

258
Q

hypo-vol-emia

A

decreased blood volume in body

259
Q

hypo-vol-emic

A

pertaining to decreased blood volume in body

260
Q

occlude

A

to close; close, plug or obstruct;

261
Q

occlusion

A

complete obstruction

262
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

263
Q

sub-

A

under

264
Q

-stern-

A

chest

265
Q

sub-stern-al

A

under (behind) the sternum or breastbone

266
Q

-ation

A

process

267
Q

coarct-

A

press together, narrow

268
Q

coarct-ation

A

constriction, stenosis, particularly of aorta

269
Q

con-

A

together, with

270
Q

-genit-

A

bring forth

271
Q

con-genital

A

present at birth, either inherited or due to an event during gestation up to the moment of birth

272
Q

-osis

A

condition

273
Q

cyan-

A

dark blue

274
Q

cyan-osis

A

blue discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds due to low blood oxygen

275
Q

-ion

A

condition, action

276
Q

hyper-

A

excessive

277
Q

-tens-

A

pressure

278
Q

hypo-

A

low

279
Q

hyper-tens-ion

A

persistent high arterial blood pressure

280
Q

hypo-

A

low

281
Q

hypo-tens-ion

A

persistent low arterial blood pressure

282
Q

idi/o-

A

unknown

283
Q

-path-

A

disease

284
Q

idi/o-path-ic

A

pertaining to a disease of unknown etiology

285
Q

patent

A

lie open

286
Q

arteriosus

A

artery

287
Q

patent arteriosus

A

open direct channel between aorta and pulmonary artery in newborn

288
Q

syn-

A

together

289
Q

-drome

A

running

290
Q

syn-drome

A

combo of signs and symptoms associated w a disease process

291
Q

tetra-

A

four

292
Q

-logy

A

study of

293
Q

tetra-logy of Fallot (TOF)

A

set of 4 congenital heart defects occurring together

294
Q

ablat-

A

take away

295
Q

ablat-ion

A

removal of tissue to destroy its function

296
Q

-gram

A

a record

297
Q

angi/o-

A

blood vessel

298
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

299
Q

angi/o-gram

A

radiograph obtained after injection of radioplaque contrast

300
Q

angi/o-graphy

A

radiography of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

301
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

302
Q

angi/o-

A

blood vessel

303
Q

angi/o-plasty

A

repair or unblocking of blood vessel thru surgery

304
Q

catheter

A

to send down; hollow tube to allow passage of fluid into or out of body cavity, organ, vessel

305
Q

-ize

A

action

306
Q

catheter-

A

catheter

307
Q

catheter-ize

A

to introduce a catheter

308
Q

-ization

A

process of inserting

309
Q

catheter-ization

A

intro of a catheter

310
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

311
Q

ech/o-

A

sound wave

312
Q

-cardi/o-

A

heart

313
Q

ech/o-cardi/o-graphy

A

ultrasound recording of heart function

314
Q

lip/o-

A

fat

315
Q

-protein

A

protein

316
Q

lip/o-protein

A

bonding of molecules of fat and protein

317
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

318
Q

per-

A

through

319
Q

-cutane-

A

skin

320
Q

per-cutane-ous

A

passage thru the skin, in this case, by needle puncture

321
Q

stent

A

wire-mesh tube used to keep arteries open

322
Q

thrombus

A

clot; clot attached to a diseased blood vessel or heart lining

323
Q

-lytic

A

pertaining to destruction

324
Q

thromb/o-

A

blood clot

325
Q

-lysis

A

dissolve

326
Q

thromb/o-lysis

A

dissolving of a thrombus (clot)

327
Q

-ide

A

having a particular quality

328
Q

tri-

A

three

329
Q

-glycer-

A

sweet, glycerol

330
Q

tri-glycer-ide

A

lipid containing three fatty acids

331
Q

-a-

A

not, without

332
Q

anti-

A

against

333
Q

-rrhythm-

A

rhythm

334
Q

anti-a-rrhythm-ic

A

pertaining to restoring a normal cardiac rhythm

335
Q

-ant

A

forming

336
Q

anti-

A

against

337
Q

-coagul-

A

clump

338
Q

anti-coagul-ant

A

substance that prevents clotting

339
Q

-tropic

A

change

340
Q

chron/o-

A

time

341
Q

chron/o-tropic

A

affecting the rate of rhythmic movements, heart rate

342
Q

di-

A

through

343
Q

-uret-

A

urination

344
Q

di-uret-ic

A

agent that increases urine output

345
Q

-tropic

A

change

346
Q

ino-

A

sinew

347
Q

ino-tropic

A

affecting the contractibility of cardiac muscle

348
Q

lipid

A

fat; general term for fatty compounds

349
Q

pressor

A

press; producing increasing blood pressure

350
Q

sub-

A

beneath

351
Q

-lingu-

A

tongue

352
Q

sub-lingu-al

A

underneath the tongue

353
Q

-or

A

that which does something

354
Q

vas/o-

A

blood vessel

355
Q

-constrict-

A

narrow

356
Q

-dilat-

A

widen, open up

357
Q

vas/o-constrict-or

A

agent that reduces diameter of blood vessel

358
Q

vas/o-dilat-or

A

agent that increases diameter of blood vessel

359
Q

artery

A

artery; thick walled blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from heart

360
Q

claudic-

A

limping

361
Q

claudic-ation

A

intermittent leg pain and limping

362
Q

doppler

A

diagnostic instrument that sends an ultrasonic beam into the body

363
Q

-ics

A

knowledge

364
Q

hem/o-

A

blood

365
Q

-dynam-

A

power

366
Q

hem/o-dynam-ics

A

science of the blood flow thru circulation

367
Q

varix

A

dilated vein; dilated, tortuous vein

368
Q

-ose

A

full of

369
Q

varic-

A

varicosity; dilated, tortuous vein

370
Q

varic-ous

A

characterized by or affected with varices

371
Q

vein

A

vein; blood vessel carrying blood toward the heart

372
Q

ven-

A

vein

373
Q

ven-ous

A

pertaining to a vein

374
Q

ven/o-gram

A

radiograph of veins after injection of radiopaque contrast material

375
Q

-ole

A

small; small terminal artery leading into capillary network

376
Q

brachi-

A

arm

377
Q

brachi-al

A

pertaining to arm

378
Q

capill-

A

hairlike structure

379
Q

capill-ary

A

minute blood vessel between arterial and venous systems

380
Q

diffuse

A

pull in different directions; to disseminate or spread out

381
Q

-stasis

A

stand still

382
Q

home/o-

A

the same

383
Q

home/o-stasis

A

maintaining the stability, or equilibrium, of a system or the body’s internal environment

384
Q

palpate

A

touch, stroke

385
Q

palpat-

A

touch, stroke; to examine w the fingers and hands

386
Q

palpat-ion

A

examination w the fingers and hands

387
Q

-meter

A

instrument to measure

388
Q

sphygm/o-

A

pulse

389
Q

sphygm/o-mano-meter

A

instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure

390
Q

-scope

A

instrument to examine

391
Q

steth/o-

A

chest

392
Q

steth/o-scope

A

instrument for listening to respiratory and cardiac sounds

393
Q

ven/a

A

vein

394
Q

cava

A

cave

395
Q

ven/a cava

A

one of the two largest veins in body

396
Q

venae cavae

A

two largest veins in the body (superior and inferior venae cavae)

397
Q

-ule

A

smallve

398
Q

ven-

A

vein

399
Q

ven-ule

A

small vein leading from the capillary network

400
Q

aneurysm

A

dilation; circumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber

401
Q

claudic-

A

limping

402
Q

claudic-ation

A

intermittent leg pain and limpi

403
Q

col-

A

before

404
Q

-later-

A

at the side

405
Q

col-later-al

A

situated at the side, often to bypass an obstruction

406
Q

edema

A

swelling; excessive accumulation of fluid in cells and tissue

407
Q

-tous

A

pertaining to

408
Q

edema-

A

swelling, edema

409
Q

edema-tous

A

pertaining to or marked by edema

410
Q

pitting edema

A

edema that maintains indentations made by applying pressure to area for a time

411
Q

embolus

A

plug, stopped; detached piece of thrombus, a mass of bacteria, quantity of air, foreign body that blocks a blood vessel

412
Q

peripher-

A

outer part

413
Q

peripher-al

A

pertaining to the periphery or an external boundary

414
Q

phleb-

A

vein

415
Q

phleb-itis

A

inflammation of a vein

416
Q

-ism

A

condition

417
Q

thromb/o-

A

clot

418
Q

-embol-

A

plug

419
Q

thromb/o-embol-ism

A

piece of detached blood clot (embolus) blocking a distant blood vessel

420
Q

-phleb-

A

vein

421
Q

thromb/o-phleb-itis

A

inflammation of vein w clot formation

422
Q

thromb-

A

clot

423
Q

thromb-us

A

clot attached to a diseased blood vessel or heart lining

424
Q

thromb-osis

A

formation of a thrombus

Medical Terminolgy (24 decks)

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