female reproductive sytem Flashcards
cervix
neck; lower part of uterus
cervic-
neck
cervic-al
pertaining to cervix
clitoris
erectile organ of the vulva
-gen
produce
estr/o-
woman
estr/o-gen
generic term for hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics
fornix
a vault; arched shaped, blind ended part of vagina behind and around cervix
gynec/o-
woman, female
gynec/o-logy
medical specialty of diseases of female reproductive tract
gynec/o-logist
specialist in gynecology
gynec/o-log-ic
pertaining to gynecology
hymen
membrane; thin membrane partly occluding vaginal orifice
labium
lip; fold of vulva
majus
greater; bigger, greater (labia majora)
minus
smaller; smaller, lesser (labia minora)
mons pubis
mountain, pubic bone; fleshy pad w pubic hair, overlying public bone
obstetr-
midwifery
-ician
expert, specialist
obstetr-ician
medical specialist in obstetrics
ovary
egg; one of the paired female reproductive glands
ovari-
ovary
ovari-an
pertaining to ovaries
-one
hormone, chemical substance
-er-
agent, one who does
pro-
before
-gest-
pregnancy
pro-gest-er-one
hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy
vagina
sheath; female genital canal extending from uterus to vulva
vagin-all
pertaining to vagina
vulv-
vulva
-ar
pertaining to
vulv-a
a wrapper or covering; female external genitalia
vulv-ar
pertaining to vulva
-ia
condition
dys-
painful
-pareun-
lying beside, sexual intercourse
dys-pareun-ia
pain during sexual intercourse
tampon
plug; plug or pack in cavity to absorb or stop bleeding
toxin
poison; poisonous substance formed by cell or organism
tox-
poison
-ic
pertaining to
tox-ic
pertaining to a toxin
-osis
condition
vagin-
vagina
-itis
inflammation
vagin-osis
disease of the vagina
vagin-itis
inflammation of vagina
-ectomy
surgical excision
vestibul-
entrance
vestibul-ectomy
surgical excision of vulva
-dynia
pain
vulv/o-
vulva
vulv/o-dynia
chronic vulvar pain
vulv/o-vagin-al
pertaining to vulva and vagina
vulv/o-vagin-itis
inflammation of vulva and vagina
fallopian tubes
uterine tubes connected to fondus of uterus
menses
month; monthly uterine bleeding
menstru-ation
same as menses
menstru-
menses
menstru-ate
act of menstruation
menstru-al
pertaining to menstruation
ovum
egg
corpus
body
luteum
yellow
corpus luteum
yellow structure formed at site of ruptured ovarian follicle
-um
tissue
endo-
within, inside
-metr/i-
uterus
-al
pertaining to
endo-metr/i-um
inner lining of uterus
endo-metr/i-al
pertaining to inner lining of uterus
fimbria
fringe; fringe-like structure
fundus
bottom; upper rounded top of the uterus above the openings of the fallopian tubes
in-
in
-volut-
shrink
in-volut-ion
decrease in size
-arche
beginning
men-
month
men-arche
first menstrual period
my/o-metr/i-um
muscle wall of uterus
os
mouth; opening into canal (cervix)
pub-arche
onset of development of pubic and axillary hair
thel-
breast, nipple
thel-arche
onset of breast development
uterus
womb; organ in which an egg develops into fetus
uter-ine
pertaining to uterus
uterine (fallopian) tubes
tubes connected from uterus to abdominal cavity. carry ovum from ovary to uterus
-rrhea
flow, discharge
a-men/o-rrhea
absence or abnormal cessation of menstrual flow
dys-men/o-rrhea
painful and difficult menstruation
-pause
cessation
men/o-pause
permanent ending of menstrual periods
men/o-paus-al
pertaining to menopause
poly-cyst-ic
composed of many cysts
pre-
before
pre-menstru-al
pertaining to time immediately before the menses
primary
first; disease or symptom, after which others may occur as complications
secondary
following or second; diseases or symptoms following a primary disease or symptom
ante-
forward
-vers-
turn
ante-vers-ion
forward displacement or tilting of structure (uterus)
cyst/o-
bladder
-cele
hernia
cyst/o-cele
hernia of bladder into anterior wall of vagina
endo-metr/i-osis
endometrial tissue that functions outside the uterus
fibr-
fiber
fibr-oid
uterine tumor resembling fibrous tissue
fibr/o-my-oma
benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle and containing fibrous tissue
lei/o-
smooth
lei/o-my-oma
benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle
-rrhagia
flow, discharge
men/o-rrhagia
excessive menstrual bleeding
metr/o-rrhagia
irregular uterine bleeding between menses
my-oma
benign tumor of muscle
poly-men/o-rrhea
more than normal frequency of menses
rect/o-cele
hernia of rectum into vagina
retro-
backward
-vers-
turn
retro-vers-ion
tipping backward of uterus
salping-
tube
salping-itis
inflammation of uterine (fallopian) tube
cancer
crab; general term for a malignant neoplasm
cancer-ous
pertaining to malignant neoplasm
dys-function-al
difficulty in performing
dys-plas-ia
abnormal tissue formation
dys-plas-tic
pertaining to or showing abnormal tissue formation
coitus
come together; sexual intercourse
post-
after
-coit-
sexual intercourse
post-coit-al
after sexual intercourse
contra-
against
-cept-
receive
contra-cept-ion
prevention of pregnancy
contra-cept-ive
agent that prevents conception
diaphragm
partition or wall; ring and dome shaped material inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy
in-semin-ation
intro of semen into vagina
in-semin-ate
intro semen into vagina
vitro
glass
in vitro fertil-ization
process of combining sperm and egg in lab dish and placing resulting embryos inside the uterus
pro-gest-in
synthetic form of progesterone
bi-opsy
removal of living tissue for lab examination
colp/o-
vagina
colp/o-scopy
exam of vagina and cervix w endocope
colp/o-scope
endoscope to view the vagina the cervix
coniz-
cone
coniz-ation
surgical excision of cone shaped piece of tissue
cry/o-surg-ery
use of liquid nitrogen or argon gas to freeze and kill tissue
curette
cleanse; instrument w sharpened edges for scraping
curett-
to cleanse
curett-age
scraping of interior of a cavity
dilation
to spread out; artificial enlargement of an opening or hollow structure
excis-
cut out
excis-ion
surgical removal of part or all of a structure
hyster/o-
uterus
-salping/o-
uterine tube
hyster/o-salping/o-gram
radiograph of uterus and uterine tubes after injection of contrast material
hyster/o-scope
endoscope to visually examine the uterine cavity
hyster/o-scopy
visual examination of uterine cavity
lapar/o-
abdomen
lapar/o-scope
endoscope to view the contents of the abdomen
lapar/o-scopy
endoscopic exam of contents of abdomen
palpate
to touch; to examine w fingers and hands
palpat-
touch, stroke
palpat-ion
exam using the fingers and hands
post-coit-al
after sexual intercourse
hyster/o-scopy
visual inspection of the uterine cavity using an endoscope
cyt/o-logist
specialist in the study of the anatomy, physio, and pathology of the cell
immuno/o-suppress-ion
suppression of immune response by an outside agent, such as a drug
pap test
exam of cells taken from cervix
swab
to sweep; wad of cotton used to remove or apply something from/to a surface
ultra-
higher
-sound
noise
ultra-sound
very high frequency sound waves
ab-
away from
-lat-
to take
ab-lat-ion
removal of tissue to destroy its function
agonist
contest; agent that combines w receptors on cells to initiate drug actions
colp/o-pexy
surgical fixation of vagina
colp/o-rrhaphy
suture of a rupture of vagina
curett-
to cleanse
curett-age
scraping of interior of a cavity
estr/o-gen
generic term for hormones that stimulate secondary sex characteristics
estr/i-ol
one of the three main estrogens
estr/i-
woman
hyster-ectomy
surgical removal of uterus
-semin-
scatter seed
in-semin-ation
intro of semen into vagina
in-semin-ate
to intro semen into vagina
in vitro fertil-ization
process of combining sperm and egg in a lab dish and placing the resulting embryos inside uterus
my-om-ectomy
surgical removal of fibroid
oophor-
ovary
oophor-ectomy
surgical removal of ovaries
salping-ectomy
surgical removal of uterine tubes
-diol
chemical name
estra-diol
most potent natural estrogen
pessary
oval stone; appliance inserted into vagina to support uterus
syn-
together
-thet-
arrange
syn-thet-ic
built up or put together from simpler compounds
trans-
across
-derm-
skin
tran-derm-al
going across or through the skin
vestibul-
entrance
vestibul-ectomy
surgical excision of vulva
blast/o-
germ or immature cell
-cyst
cyst, bladder
blast/o-cyst
first 2 weeks of developing embryo
embryo
a young one; developing organism from conception until the end of second month
embryon-
embryo
embryon-ic
pertaining to embryo
fertilize
make fruitful; penetration of oocyte (ovum) by sperm
fertiliz-
make fruitful
fertiliz-ation
union of male sperm and a female egg
fetus
offspring; human organism from the end of 8th wk after conception to birth
fet-
fetus
fet-al
pertaining to fetus
im-
in
-plant-
to plant, insert
im-plant-ation
attachment of fertilized egg to endometrium
placenta
a cake; organ that allows metabolic exchange between mother and fetus
zygote
joined together; cell resulting from union of sperm and egg
chorion
membrane; fetal membrane that forms the placenta
chorion-
chorion
chorion-ic
pertaining to chorion
chorion-ic villus
shaggy hair; vascular process of embryonic chorion to form the placenta
conception
something received; fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote
amnion
membrane around fetus; contains amniotic fluid
amni/o-
amnion, fetal membrane
amni/o-tic
pertaining to amnion
ectop-
on the outside, displaced
ectop-ic
out of place, not in a normal position
gestat-
pregnancy
gestat-ion
from conception to birth
gestat-ion-al
pertaining to gestation
lanugo
wool; fine, soft hair on the fetal body
oligo-
scanty, too little
-hydr-
water
-amnios-
amnion
oligo-hydr-amnios
too little amniotic fluid
poly-
many, excessive
poly-hydr-amnios
too much amniotic fluid
pre-
before
-eclamps-
shining forth
pre-eclamps-ia
hypertensions, edema, and proteinuria during pregnancy
pre-
before
-term
limit, end
pre-term
baby delivered before 37 wks of gestation
trimester
3 months duration; one third of length of full term pregnancy
vernix
varnish
caseosa
cheese
vernix caseosa
cheesy substance covering the skin of the fetus
auto-
self
-lysis
destruction
auto-lysis
destruction of cells by enzymes w in the cells
dilat-
open out
dilat-ion
stretching or enlarging an opening
-ment
resulting state
efface-
wipe out
efface-ment
thinning of cervix in relation to labor
-tomy
surgical incision
episi/o-
vulva
episi/o-tomy
surgical incision of vulva
gravid
pregnant
gravida
pregnant woman
hyper-
excessive
-emesis
vomiting
hyper-emesis
excessive vomiting
labor
toil, suffering; process of expulsion of the fetus
lochia
relating to childbirth; vaginal discharge following childbirth
para
to bring forth
multi-para
woman who has given birth to two or more children
neo-
new
-nate
born
neo-nate
newborn infant
neo-nat-al
pertaining to newborn infant or newborn period
peri-
around
-nat-
birth
peri-nat-al
around the time of birth
-partum
childbirth, to bring forth
post-partum
after childbirth
primi-
first
-gravida
pregnancy
primi-gravida
a woman in her first pregnancy
-para
to bring forth
primi-para
woman giving birth for the first time
puer-
child
-perineum
a bringing forth
puer-perium
6 wk period after birth in which uterus involutes
terat/o-
monster, malformed fetus
terat/o-gen
agent that produces fetal deformities
terat/o-gen-esis
process involved in producing fetal deformities
abort-
fail at onset
abort-ion
spontaneous or induced expulsion of the embryo or fetus from uterus at 20 wks or less
breech
trousers; buttocks first presentation presentation of the fetus at delivery
cesarean (c) section
extraction of the fetus through an incision in the abdomen and uterine wall
kern-
nucleus
-icterus
jaundice
kern-icterus
bilirubin staining of basal nuclei of the brain
meconium
a little poppy; first bowel movement of the newborn
nuchal
the back (nape) of the neck
nuchal cord
loops of umbilical cord around the fetal neck
abruptio
to break off
placenta abruptio
premature detachment of placenta
pre-
before, in front of
-via
the way
placenta pre-via
condition in which the placenta is positioned between the fetus and the cervix
post-
after
-mature
ripe, ready
post-mature
infant born after 42 weeks of gestation
post-matur-ity
condition of being postmature
pre-mature
occurring before the expected time
pre-matur-ity
condition of being premature
surface
active agent
surfactant
protein and fat compound that creates surface tension to hold the lung alveolar walls apart
vertex
whorl; topmost point of the vault of the skull
-centesis
puncture
amni/o-
amnion
amni/o-centesis
removal of amniotic fluid for diagnostic purposes
villus
shaggy hair
chorionic villus
vascular process of embryonic chorion to form placenta
-gnos-
recognize an abnormal condition
dia-gnos-stic
pertaining to establishing the cause of disease
forceps
pair of tongs
extraction
to draw out
forceps extraction
assisted delivery of baby by an instrument that grasps the head of baby
gonad/o-tropin
hormone capable of promoting gonad function
matern-
mother
matern-al
pertaining to, or derived from the mother
neur-al
pertaining to any structure composed of nerve cells
neur-al tube
embryologic tubelike structure that forms the brain and spinal cord
screen
screne; test to determine the presence or absence of disease
screen-
system for separating
trans-
across, through
-luc-
light
trans-luc-ent
allowing light to pass through
apo-
separation from
-ptosis
drooping
apo-ptosis
programmed normal cell death
areola
small area; circular reddish area surrounding the nipple
areol-
areolar
areol-ar
pertaining to the areola
colostrum
foremilk; first breast secretion at end of pregnancy
-volut-
roll up, shrink
in-volut-ion
decrease in size
lact-
milk
lact-ation
production of milk
lact-ate
to produce milk
-ifer-
to bear, carry
lact-ifer-ous
pertaining to or yielding milk
mamm-
breast
mamm-ary
pertaining to lactating breast
nipple
small nose; projection from breast into which lactiferous ducts open
-toc-
labor
oxy-toc-in
pituitary hormone that stimulates the uterus to contract
pro-lact-in
pituitary hormone that stimulates the production of milk
anti-ne/o-plas-tic
pertaining to the prevention of the growth and spread of cancer cells
fibr/o-aden-oma
benign tumor containing much fibrous tissue
fibr/o-cyst-ic disease
benign breast disease w multiple tiny lumps and cysts
galact/o-rrhea
abnormal flow of milk from breasts
gene
origin, birth; functional segment of DNA molecule
genet-
origin
-ics
knowledge
genet-ics
science of inheritance of characteristics
genet-ic-ist
specialist in genetics
gynec/o-
female
-mast-
breast
gynec/o-mast-ia
enlargement of breast
lump-
piece
lump-ectomy
removal of lesion w preservation of surrounding tissue
mamm/o-gram
record produced by x ray imaging of the breast
mamm/o-graphy
process of x ray exam of breast
-algia
pain
mast-algia
pain in breast
mast-ectomy
surgical excision of breast
mast-itis
inflammation of breast
paget disease
scaling, crusting lesion of nipple, often associated w an underlying cancer of breast
stere/o-
three dimensional
-tact-
orderly arrangement
stere/o-tact-ic
precise three dimensional method to locate a lesion
