urinary system Flashcards
2 main functions of the urinary system
producing and excreting urine from the body
the body system that regulates the constancy of body fluid volumes and levels of many important chemicals
urinary system
the condition when waste products accumulate to toxic levels in the blood
uremia
number of kidneys in a human
2
number of ureters in a human
2
number of bladders in a human
1
number of urethras in a human
1
the kidney that is lower than the other
right
they are located between the muscles of the back and parietal peritoneum
kidneys
these organs play a vital role in maintaining electrolytes, water, and acid-base balances in the body
kidneys
20% of the blood pumped by the heart each minute enters these
kidneys
the outer part or layer of the kidney
renal cortex
the inner portion of the kidney
renal medulla
a word that means “bark”
cortex
the triangular divisions of the renal medulla
renal pyramids
the narrow, innermost end of a pyramid
renal papilla
an expansion of the upper end of a ureter
renal pelvis
the papilla of a pyramid opens into this division of the renal pelvis
calyx
millions of microscopic units that produce urine
nephrons
part of the kidney that is in the shape of a tiny funnel with a very long stem
nephrons
the cup-shaped top of a nephron
bowmans capsule
a network of blood capillaries tucked into bowmans capsule
glomerulus
three processes of the nephrons
- filtration
- reabsorption
3.secretion
urine formation begins with what
filtration
items reabsorbed from renal tubules to blood capillaries
water, glucose, sodium
water is reabsorbed by the kidneys via this method
osmosis
glucose in the urine
glycosuria
the opposite of reabsorption
secretion
the movement of substances out of the blood into the urine
secretion
disorders that affect the excretion of normal amounts of urine
kidney disease
cardiovascular disease
stress
absence of urine
anuria
scanty amounts of urine
oliguria
an unusually large amount of urine
polyuria
structure of the urinary system richly supplied with sensory nerve endings
ureters
structure of the urinary system that rests in the pelvis behind the pubic symphysis
bladder
structure of the urinary system that sits in front of the uterus
bladder
structure of the urinary system that rests on the prostate
bladder
kidney disease
nephropathy
pain caused by the passage of a kidney stone
renal colic
structure of the urinary system that is the most inferior part of the renal tract
urethra
structure of the urinary system in men that is also part of the reproductive system
urethra
a condition involving the need for frequent urination
overactive bladder
a condition involving extreme urgency and pain yet small amounts of urine are released
overactive bladder
infections that begin in the hospital
nosocomial infections
