trigger point review Flashcards
hyperirritable spot in skeletal muscle that involves a hypersensitve palpable nodule in a taut band
trigger point
a spot that is painful on compression and can give rise to referred pain
trigger points
this type of trigger point is always tender and prevents full lengthening of the muscle
active TrP
this type of trigger point weakens the muscle and refers pain on direct compression as well as exhibits a local twitch response
Active TrP
this type of trigger point is only tender when palpated
latent TrP
this type of trigger point is responsible for activation of one or more satellite trigger points
key TrP
this type of trigger point is induced neurologically or mechanically by the activity of a key trigger point
satellite TrP
TrP’s are often activated by some degree of mechanical abuse of the muscle in the form of muscle _____
overload
active TrP’s can be anywhere but frequently manifest in the _____&_____
Head & shoulders
muscles with _____ are prevented from reaching full extension, so range of motion tests help to find them
trigger point
a method of TrP release involving deep & effective stretching
contract/release
a method of TrP release involving deep digital or _____ compression with fingers, thumb, or tool
ischemic
a method of TrP release involving deep stroking AKA
stripping
a method of TrP release involving ____ of saline or local anesthetic.
injections
the study of movement
kineosology
the study of the mechancal processes of movement and their effects on the body
biomechanics
the study of peoples efficiency in their working environment
Ergonomics
the study of motion under the action of forces
kinetics
these push or pull an object to affect motion or shape
forces
the direction of force
vecor
pressure, inertia, acceleration, speed, resistance, effort
force
lotion/oil/creme and the body tissues affect this
Resistance
____ are levers in a body
bones
____ are the fulcrums in the body
joints
the most common levers in the body
3rd class
the least common levers in the body
2nd class
the point at which all the mass (or weight) of the body is balanced equally or distributed equally
COG
the center or gravity always changes when there is ____
movement
what type of spine curvature is present at birth
concave
as we age the cervical & lumbar regions are _____curves
convex
condition involving an exaggerated lumbar curve
Lordosis
condition involving an exaggerated thoracic curve
kyphosis
condition involving a lateral curve in spine
scoliosis
the rhythmic & alterating movement of the legs along with the trunk & arms
Gait
the ___ is an intergrated functional unit
kinetic chain
myofascial & nervous systems and joints make this up
kinetic chain
what do triceps do Pull or Push?
push
what do biceps do Pull or Push?
pull
the firing sequence of muscles prime movers, stabilizers, ____
synergists
this was developed in the 1930’s by stanley leif
neuromuscular therapy
this person popularized neuromuscular therapy in the US
Paul st John
this system identifies soft tissue abnormalities & manipulates soft tissue to normalize its function; the focus is on postural assessment to determine imbalances
Neuromuscular therapy
techniques effective at quieting muscle spasms, improving joint mobility, toning weak muscles & lenghtening short muscles
MET
means stretched or pulled tight, no slack
taut
rolfing & hellerwork are bodywork methods that are examples of this
Structural intagration
when a muscle contracts to create a nodule, the rest of the muscles becomes ____
weaker
this is most common method empolyed by massage therapists for release of TrP’s
ischemic compression
muscle energy technique, trager and trigger point work are all _____ methods
Neuromuscular
a neuromuscular mechanism is made up of nerve, muscle, and ____ unit
fascia
if a trigger point is painful we can work on the____ muscle
agonist
deep tissue massage refers to strokes directed toward deeper structures of muscle and fascia which is ______ tissue
connective
incorrect body alignment can cause tension in muscles and abnormal _____ functions
organ
when assessing _____ we want the client to stand still
posture
this is a tool in biomechanics that allows us to see the impact of gravity on the body
plumb line
which poor postural alignment can cause difficulty standing for long periods of time
flat back
range of motion stretching should be gradual and may cause ______
discomfort
