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Massage Therapy > cardiovascular system 1 > Flashcards

cardiovascular system 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the pump that keeps blood moving through a closed circuit of blood vessels

A

heart

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2
Q

a triangular organ that is about the size of a closed fist

A

heart

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3
Q

the apex of blunt point of the lower egde of the heart lies on this

A

diaphram

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4
Q

the two upper chambers of the heart

A

Atria

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5
Q

the two lower chamber of the heart

A

ventricles

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6
Q

which are smaller and walls thinner and less muscular than the other

A

atria

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7
Q

they are often called the receiving chambers because blood enters into them through the viens

A

atria (upper chambers)

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8
Q

they are sometimes referred to as discharging chambers because bloods exits then into arteries

A

ventricles ( lower chambers)

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9
Q

cardiac muscle tissue making up the wall of each heart chamber

A

myocardium

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10
Q

a thin layer of smooth tissue lining each heart chamber

A

endocardium

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11
Q

Inflammation of the thin layer of smooth tissue lining each heart chamber

A

endocarditis

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12
Q

this can happen if blood flows over a rough abrasive surface

A

clotting

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13
Q

medical term for blood clot

A

Thrombus

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14
Q

the sac surrounding the heart that secretes a lubricating fluid that prevents friction

A

Pericardium

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15
Q

inner layer of the pericardium, covering the heart like an apple skin covers an apple

A

visceral pericardium/
Epicardium

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16
Q

outer layer of the pericardium, covering the heart like a loose fliitng sack to allow heart to beat

A

parietal pericardium

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17
Q

the medical term fro contraction of the heart

A

systole

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18
Q

the medial term for the moment of relaxtion of the heart

A

distole

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19
Q

the name given for the 2 valves that seperate that artiums from the ventricles

A

atrioventriculcar valves (AV)

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20
Q

valve that seperates left atrium and ventricle

A

mitral valve or bicuspid valve

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21
Q

valve that seperates right artium and ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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22
Q

description of the sounds of a heart beat

A

“lubb dubb”/ “lub dup”

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23
Q

the first sound of a heart beat is the closure of ____ as the ventricles contract

A

AV valve

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24
Q

the second sound of a heart beat is the closure of the semilunar valves when ventricles relax

A

“dubb” “dup”

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25
Q

the 2 large veins that permit blood flow to the right artium

A

Superior vena cava
inferior vena cava

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26
Q

the ___ heart pump recieves oxygen poor blood from the veins

A

right

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27
Q

when ventricles contract, blood in the right ventricle is pumped into the

A

pulmonary artery

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28
Q

when blood reaches the lungs____ is added and _____ is lost

A

oxygen
carbon dioxide

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29
Q

oxygen rich blood from the lungs returns travels to the left artium of the heart through these

A

pulmonary veins

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30
Q

after passing the pulmonary veins, blood travels through the left AV or bicuspid valve into this chamber

A

left ventricle

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31
Q

when the left ventricle contracts, blood is forced through the aortic semilunar valve into this vessel

A

aorta

32
Q

the heart acts as 2 separate ___

A

pumps

33
Q

the type of circulation that involves movement of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

A

pulmonary circulation

34
Q

the type of circulation that involves movement of blood from the left ventricle throughout the body as a whole

A

systemic circulation

35
Q

these vessels permit blood flow to the heart cells

A

colonary arteries

36
Q

the aortas first branches

A

colonary arteries

37
Q

when a blood clot occludes of plugs up some part of a colonary artery

A

colonary thrombus

38
Q

tissue death due to lack of oxygen to the heart muscles

A

myocardial infarction

39
Q

medical term for a heart attack

A

myocardial infarction

40
Q

severe chest pain that occurs when the myocardium is deprived of adequate oxygen

A

angina

41
Q

a complete heart beat

A

cardiac cycle

42
Q

Approximate number of heart beats per minute in healthy people

A

60-70 beats

43
Q

heartbeats are coordinated by these types of signals

A

electrical signals

44
Q

four structures embedded in the wall of the heart specialized to generate strong impulses and conduct them rapidly to certain regions of the heart wall; they make up the conduction system of the heart

A

-SA nodes
-AV nodes
-AV bundle
-purkinje fibers

45
Q

known as the hearts natural pacemaker

A

sinus node
sinoatrial node

46
Q

largest artery

A

Aorta

47
Q

small divisions of arteries

A

arterioles

48
Q

microscopic exchange vessels

A

capillaries

49
Q

where the exchange of nutrients & respiratory gasses occurs between the blood & tissue finds fluid around cells

A

Capillary beds

50
Q

blood travels from capillary beds to vessels that gradually increase in size to become veins

A

venules

51
Q

they carry blood away from the heart toward capillaries

A

arteries

52
Q

they carry blood toward the heart away from capillaries

A

veins

53
Q

they carry blood from the tiny arterioles into tiny venules

A

capillaries

54
Q

this carries blood exiting the left ventricle of the heart

A

aorta

55
Q

these vessels return blood to the right artium after the blood has circulated through the body

A

vena cava

56
Q

3 coats in arteries & veins

A

tunica adventitia, tunica media, tunica intima

57
Q

the outer layer of arteries & veins made of connective fibers that reinforce the wall of the vessels

A

tunica adventitia

58
Q

the middle layer of arteries & veins made of smooth muscle tissue; this layer also includes a thin layer of elastic fibrous tissue

A

tunica media

59
Q

the inner layer of arteries & veins made of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells

A

tunica intima

60
Q

a single layer of squamous epithlial cells in the tunica intima

A

endothelium

61
Q

these vessels have one-way valves

A

veins

62
Q

what you feel when placing your fingertips over a artery that lies near the surface of the body adn over a bone or other firm base

A

pulse

63
Q

when an artery expands & then recoils you can feel this if touching one o the several possible areas of the body

A

pulse

64
Q

the structures that seperates the artiums and ventricles

A

septum

65
Q

the medical device that monitors electrical functioning of the heart

A

ECG/EKG

66
Q

the medical device that measures blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

67
Q

extra sounds ( such as those resulting from faulty valves

A

murmers

68
Q

which type of blood vessels have valves

A

veins

69
Q

what slows venous return when people are standing

A

gravity

70
Q

the expansion of blood flow when the ventricles push blood our of the heart can be palpated by pressing an ____ against tissue

A

artery

71
Q

a faster than normal heart rate

A

tachycardia

72
Q

a slower than normal heart rate

A

bradycardia

73
Q

a term that means the thickness of fluid

A

viscosity

74
Q

sensors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch that sense blood pressure, so that proper blood pressure can be maintained

A

barrow receptors

75
Q

a type of mechanoreceptor sensory neuron that are excited by a stretch of the blood vessel

A

barrow receptors

76
Q

massaging towards the heart

A

centipetal

77
Q

movement away from the center of heart

A

centrifugal

Massage Therapy (19 decks)

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