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Massage Therapy > nervous system 2 > Flashcards

nervous system 2 Flashcards

1
Q

protective, membranes covering brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

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2
Q

medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain make up of

A

brainstem

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3
Q

stuctures of the brainstem

A

medulla oblongata, pons, mid brain

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4
Q

upward extension of spinal cord that consists of gray and white matter

A

medulla oblongata

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5
Q

reflex centers ( cardiac, Respiratory, and vasomotor-blood vessel) located here

A

medulla oblongata

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6
Q

acts as a filter and assists in focused attention

A

reticular formation

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7
Q

consists of hypothalamus and thalamus

A

diencephalon

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8
Q

controls internal organs and maintains body temperature

A

diencephalon

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9
Q

this stucture is below the thalamus

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

exterts major control over most internal organs

A

hypothalamus

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11
Q

some neurons of this structure function as an endocrine gland and make hormones

A

hypothalamus

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12
Q

helps control functioning of every cell in the body and maintain body temperature, water balance, and sleep cycles

A

hypothalamus

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13
Q

control of appetite and emotions

A

hypothalamus

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14
Q

dumbbell shaped section of gray matter

A

thalamus

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15
Q

alerting mechanism: helps produce sensations from impulses associates sensations with emotions

A

thalamus

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16
Q

second largest part of the human brain

A

cerebellum

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17
Q

its functions; normal postures, normal movements, balance, precise movements, smooth coordinated movements, maintain equilibrium

A

cerebellum

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18
Q

largest and uppermost part of the human brain

A

cerebrum

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19
Q

AKA convolutions; ridges of the cerebrum

A

gyri

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20
Q

grooves of cerebrum

A

sulci

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21
Q

deepest of the sulci

A

fissures

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22
Q

connects the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum

A

corpus callosum

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23
Q

contains the auditory center of the brain

A

temporal lobe

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24
Q

contains the sight center of the brain

A

Occipital lobe

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25
Q

AKA basal ganglia

A

cerebral nuclei

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26
Q

islands of gray matter within the white matter; essential to produce automatic movemetns and postures

A

basal ganglia

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27
Q

damage to this part of the brain may result in the inability to think, use your will, remember, decide how to make a movement

A

cerebrum

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28
Q

involved in consciousness, thinking, memory, sensations, emotions, willed movements

A

cerebral cortex

29
Q

this pathology involves the destruction of neurons of the motor area of cerebrum AKA stroke

A

cerebral vascular accident (CVA)

30
Q

this pathology involves hemorrhage from cessation of blood flow through cerebral blood vessels aka stroke

A

cerebral vascular accident (CVA)

31
Q

aka mini stroke
Temporary limitation of circulation

A

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

32
Q

17-18 inches long in people of normal height

A

spinal cord

33
Q

loss of sensation due to spinal cord injury

A

Anesthesia

34
Q

loss of ability to make voluntary movements

A

Paralysis

35
Q

tough, fluid containing membrane that surrounds brain and cord

A

Meninges

36
Q

three layers of meninges

A

dura matter
aracnhoid
pia matter

37
Q

tough outer layer of meninges

A

dura matter

38
Q

middle layer of meninges
cobweb like with fluid in spaces

A

arachnoid

39
Q

innermost membrane covering the cord

A

pia matter

40
Q

one of bodys circulating fluids formed from blood and reasorbed into it

A

cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

41
Q

this is between pia mater and arachnoid

A

cerebral spinal fluid

42
Q

this fills the ventricles (large spaces that lie deep inside brain)

A

cerebral spinal fluid

43
Q

network of brain capillaries that filters CSF out of blood

A

choroid plexus

44
Q

“water on the brain”

A

Hydrocephalus

45
Q

cranial and spinal nerves and structures in autonomic nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system

46
Q

connect brain and cord to various glands, cardiac and smooth muscle in thorax and abdomen

A

Peripheral nervous system

47
Q

number of pairs of cervical nerves

A

8

48
Q

number of pairs of thoracic nerves

A

12

49
Q

number of pairs of lumbar nerves

A

5

50
Q

number of pairs of sacral nerves

A

5

51
Q

number of pairs of coccygeal nerves

A

1

52
Q

skin surface areas supplied by a single spinal nerve

A

dermatomes

53
Q

this is made up of motor neurons that conduct impluses from the spinal cord or brainstem to: cardiac muscle tissue, smooth muscle tissue and glandular epitheial tissue

A

autonomic nervous system

54
Q

has two divsions; parasympathetic and sympathetic

A

autonomic nervous system

55
Q

motor nerves that control voluntary actions of the skeletal muscles

A

somatic nervous system

56
Q

cells that digest parts of dead neurons; parts of the brains endogenous defense and immune system; protects CNS from various types of pathogens

A

micro glia

57
Q

cells involved in most neural processes: physical and nutritional support for neurons, digest parts of dead neurons and regulate the content of the extracellular space; contribute to memory formation

A

astrocytes

58
Q

nerve cell name that means “nerve glue”

A

neuroglia

59
Q

provide insulation (myelin) for neurons in the CNS; all white matter tracts contain oligrodendrocytes; involved in mutliple scerlosis cauing a loss of myelin

A

oligrodendrocytes

60
Q

“junction boxes”

A

ganglia

61
Q

autonomic neurons that conduct impulses between cord and a ganglion

A

preganglinotic

62
Q

autonomic neurons that conduct impluses from ganglion to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and epitheial tissue

A

postganglinotic

63
Q

AKA visceral effectors
tissues to which autonomic neurons conduct impluses

A

autonomic effectors

64
Q

cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glandular epithelial tissue

A

autonomic effectors

65
Q

AKA craniosacral system; divsion of autonomic nervous system that invloves slow heart beat and increases peristalsis and secretion of digestive juices and insulin

A

Parasympathetic

66
Q

digestive tract contractions

A

Peristalsis

67
Q

how much does the brain weigh

A

3 lbs

68
Q

contains nerve fibers that innerate a specifc region of the body

A

plexus

Massage Therapy (19 decks)

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