Respiratory system Flashcards
list some functions of the respiratory system
obtains oxygen, eliminates carbon dioxide, moistens and filter air
the part of the respiratory system where the interchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
alveolar sacs
there are millions of these microscopic, thin-walled sacs
alveoli
the respiratory system exchanges gases via this passive transport system
diffusion
parts of the upper respiratory system
nasal cavity
pharynx
parts of the lower respiratory system
trachea
larynx
lungs
the medical term for a “head cold”
upper respiratory infection
the medical term for an example of a “chest cold”
acute bronchitis
what moves the mucus lining the trachea
cilia
the wall that sperates the right and left nasal cavities
septum
why does a person’s nose run when crying
lacrimal sacs
structures in the nasal cavity that allows air to be warmed and humidified
conchae
the medical term for the throat
pharynx
this is known as the voice box
larynx
the vocal cords are found here
larynx
the cartilage that covers the larynx opening and acts as a door, closing off the larynx during swallowing and preventing food from entering the trachea
epiglottis
medical term for windpipe
trachea
the smallest of the air distribution tubes in the respiratory tract
Bronchioles
the lung with 3 lobes
right lung
the lung with 2 lobes
left lung
the top part of the lung under the clavicle
apex
Covering of the outer surface of the lungs and lines of the inner surface of the rib cage
Pleura
Two types of pleura
Visceral
parietal
Covering that lines, the walls of the thoracic cavity
Parietal pleura
Covering that lines the lungs
Visceral pleura
The space that lies between the two pleural membranes
Pleura space
Inflammation of the pleura
Pleurisy
The process that moves air into and out of the lungs a.k.a. breathing
Respiration
The exchange of gases between the air in the lungs and blood
External respiration
The bottom, part of the long that lies on the diaphragm
Base
The exchange of gases between the blood and cells
Internal respiration
The actual use of oxygen by cells in the process of metabolism
Cellular respiration
The two phases of pulmonary ventilation
Inspiration and expiration
Inspiratory muscles
Diaphragm external intercostals SCM
The most important muscle for inspiration
Diaphragm
Acute infection of the lungs involving a cough and often yellow or green sputum
Pneumonia
Process on gas move from high concentration to lower concentration
Diffusion
Device to measure, the amount of air exchanged in breathing
Spirometer
Regular inspiration, and regular expiration
Tidal volume
The largest amount of air that we can breathe out in one expiration
Tidal capacity
The two structures of the brain stem that can affect a normal respiration
Medulla
Pons
The two most important control centers in the medulla
Inspirtory , expiratory
the bottom part of the lung that lays on the diaphragm
base
Medical term for normal respiration rate (12 to 16 breaths per minute)
Eupenea
Medical term for rapid and deep respirations
Hyperventilation
Medical term for slow in shallow respirations
Hypoventilation
Medical term for labored or difficult breathing, and is often associated with hypo ventilation
Dyspnea
Medical term for breathing that stops completely for a brief period of time
Apnea
Medical term for breathing that stops completely for a Brief period of time during sleep.
Sleep apnea
Medical term for failure to resume breathing after a prolonged period of apnea
Respiratory arrest
Reversible narrowing of the small airways that may be triggered by allergic reactions, air, pollution, or emotional upset
Asthma
Irreversible respiratory insufficiency, after years of suffering from emphysema, and/or bronchitis
COPD
