special senses review Flashcards by curi booker

list 5 sense organs

eyes, ears, nose, sensory receptors, taste buds

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these allow us to respond to stimuli such as touch pressure, temperature, and pain. they are microscopic receptors are located at the tips of dendrites of sensory neurons.

sensory receptors

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when we experience a stimulus (taste or smell), the stimulus must be changed to a ____ signal or nerve impulse

electrical

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which type of sensory receptors detect temperature.

thermoreceptors

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which type of sensory receptors detect tissue damage or noxious stimuli

nociceptors

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these are the sense organs found in the eyes that allow us to see

rods and cones. Photoreceptors

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These are sense organs that detect chemicals, responsible for our senses of smell and taste

Chemoreceptors

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We tend to think of receptors for this sense being in the skin including hair follicles, but they are also found in the tongue throat and mucous membranes which special sense is it

Touch receptors

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What are free nerve endings, root hair plexus, Merkel discs, Meissner corpuscle‘s ,Pacinian corpuscles , and Ruffini corpuscles

Touch sensory receptors in the skin

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Compared to other senses ____ is very hard to isolate because the sensory information enters the nervous system from multiple parts of the body. Perhaps this helps to explain referred pain.

Touch

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When we are asked to put our hand in a bag with eyeballs and we put our hand in to feel peeled grapes, why do we react how we do?

Perception

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The outer layer of the eye that consist of tough fibrous tissue

Sclera

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The white of the eye

Sclera

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The cornea is part of the front surface of the

Sclera

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This part of the eye is transparent when healthy

Cornea

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This part of the eye gives us our eyecolor

Iris

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The mucus membrane of the eye, that lines the eyelids and covers the sclera in front when inflamed it becomes pink in cold pink eye

Conjunctiva

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The black center of the iris is really a

Pupil/hole

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Describe the shape of the iris

Ring shaped or donut hole shaped

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We called the black center of the iris the

Pupil

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When the straight fibers of the Iris contract, the pupils

Dialate

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When the straight fibers of the iris contract____ light rays are permitted

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When the circular fibers of the Iris contract, the pupils..

constrict

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When the circular fibers of the iris contract_____ light rays are permitted

Fewer

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The structure of the eye lies directly behind the pupil

Lens

The lens of the eye is held in place by

A ligament

As we grow older, we are more likely to become nearsighted or farsighted?

Farsighted

As we age, we lose the ability to focus on close objects, because our lenses lose some of their

Elasticity

The eye condition involving the fact that the lenses can no longer bulge enough to bring near objects into focus

Presbyopia

The eye condition known as old sightedness

Presbyopia

After a long time exposure, this may cause the lens to become hard, lose its transparency, and become milky an appearance

Uv rays

What causes cataracts?

UV light smoking and genetics

This condition may occur if one or both eyes tends to be progressive, and may result in blindness, it involves a lens being cloudy

Cataracs

What is the treatment for cataracts?

Surgery cataract surgery

The innermost layer of the eyeball

Retina

The layer were rods and cones can be found

Retina

Two types of microscopic photo receptor cells

Rod/cones

Where do rods and cones get their name?

Their shape

The microscopic photo receptor cells stimulated by dim light

Rods

The microscopic photo receptor cells stimulated by fairly bright light

Cones

The microscopic photoreceptor cells for night vision and sharpness

Rods

The microscopic photoreceptor cells for daytime vision and color

Cones

List the three colors that the three kinds of cones are sensitive to

Red green and blue

List the primary colors

Red green and blue

What is in the hollow inside the eyeball?

Fluid

What maintains the normal shape of the eyeball?

Fluid

What in the eyeball refracts the light rays

Fluid

When the lens of the eye becomes hard and clouded what condition with the person be suffering from

Cataracs

If drainage in the eyeball is blocked in the internal pressure within the eye increases what condition does the person have?

Glaucoma

What can glaucoma lead to?

Blindness

What causes the human Blindspot a.k.a. optic disc?

Optic nerve lack of rods and cones

The medical term for nearsightedness

Myopia

The medical term for farsightedness

Hyperopia

The medical term for blurred vision

AStigmatism

The part of the brain known as the visual cortex

Occipital

Which lobe of the brain processes stimulation from the ears

Temporal

Which lobe of the brain processes simulation from the skin

Parietal

Which part of the brain is involved with balance

Cerebellum

What can happen if two or more senses send differing data to the brain

Motion sickness

The receptors involved with hearing and equilibrium

Mechoreceptors

The three areas of the ear

External middle and inner

The medical term for the eardrum

Tympanic membrane

Glands in the ear that produce a waxy substance

Ceremonious glands

The medical term for the waxy substance produced by the ear

Cérumen

Cerumen build up damage to shorthairs of the auditory canal, and/or deterioration of the ossicles may all cause

Hearing loss

Which sense organ has hairs about 15,000 microscopic hair cells

ears

Medical term for the three ear bones of the middle ear

Malleus, incus and stapes

The medical term for the hammer ear bone

Malleus

The medical term for the anvil ear bone

Incus

The medical term for the stirrup ear bone

Stapes

The tube that connects the throat with the middle ear

Eustachian tube auditory tube

The medical term for a middle ear infection

Ottis media

Which medical condition involves ringing in the ear

Tinnitus

Which medical condition involves a sense of spinning or moving around in space

Vertigo

How can a sore throat become a middle ear infection?

Eustachian tube

Parts of the odd shaped bone of the inner ear

Vestibule, cochlea, semi circular canals

A treatment for some forms of nerve deafness

Implants

Sense organs of taste

Tastebuds

Why do we often utilize music and massage therapy?

Stimulates relaxation

On what structures of the tongue are tastebuds found

Papilla

List the four sensations of taste

Sour, sweet, salty, and bitter

The sense of taste is highly associated with the sense of

Smell

The sense of smell is highly associated with our_____ due to the sharing of the same pathways

Memory

Which of the five special senses do we rely on the most?

Sight

How can the sense of smell see if our life

Rotten foods