special senses review Flashcards
list 5 sense organs
eyes, ears, nose, sensory receptors, taste buds
these allow us to respond to stimuli such as touch pressure, temperature, and pain. they are microscopic receptors are located at the tips of dendrites of sensory neurons.
sensory receptors
when we experience a stimulus (taste or smell), the stimulus must be changed to a ____ signal or nerve impulse
electrical
which type of sensory receptors detect temperature.
thermoreceptors
which type of sensory receptors detect tissue damage or noxious stimuli
nociceptors
these are the sense organs found in the eyes that allow us to see
rods and cones. Photoreceptors
These are sense organs that detect chemicals, responsible for our senses of smell and taste
Chemoreceptors
We tend to think of receptors for this sense being in the skin including hair follicles, but they are also found in the tongue throat and mucous membranes which special sense is it
Touch receptors
What are free nerve endings, root hair plexus, Merkel discs, Meissner corpuscle‘s ,Pacinian corpuscles , and Ruffini corpuscles
Touch sensory receptors in the skin
Compared to other senses ____ is very hard to isolate because the sensory information enters the nervous system from multiple parts of the body. Perhaps this helps to explain referred pain.
Touch
When we are asked to put our hand in a bag with eyeballs and we put our hand in to feel peeled grapes, why do we react how we do?
Perception
The outer layer of the eye that consist of tough fibrous tissue
Sclera
The white of the eye
Sclera
The cornea is part of the front surface of the
Sclera
This part of the eye is transparent when healthy
Cornea
This part of the eye gives us our eyecolor
Iris
The mucus membrane of the eye, that lines the eyelids and covers the sclera in front when inflamed it becomes pink in cold pink eye
Conjunctiva
The black center of the iris is really a
Pupil/hole
Describe the shape of the iris
Ring shaped or donut hole shaped
We called the black center of the iris the
Pupil
When the straight fibers of the Iris contract, the pupils
Dialate
When the straight fibers of the iris contract____ light rays are permitted
More
When the circular fibers of the Iris contract, the pupils..
constrict
When the circular fibers of the iris contract_____ light rays are permitted
Fewer
The structure of the eye lies directly behind the pupil
Lens
The lens of the eye is held in place by
A ligament
As we grow older, we are more likely to become nearsighted or farsighted?
Farsighted
As we age, we lose the ability to focus on close objects, because our lenses lose some of their
Elasticity
The eye condition involving the fact that the lenses can no longer bulge enough to bring near objects into focus
Presbyopia
The eye condition known as old sightedness
Presbyopia
After a long time exposure, this may cause the lens to become hard, lose its transparency, and become milky an appearance
Uv rays
What causes cataracts?
UV light smoking and genetics
This condition may occur if one or both eyes tends to be progressive, and may result in blindness, it involves a lens being cloudy
Cataracs
What is the treatment for cataracts?
Surgery cataract surgery
The innermost layer of the eyeball
Retina
The layer were rods and cones can be found
Retina
Two types of microscopic photo receptor cells
Rod/cones
Where do rods and cones get their name?
Their shape
The microscopic photo receptor cells stimulated by dim light
Rods
The microscopic photo receptor cells stimulated by fairly bright light
Cones
The microscopic photoreceptor cells for night vision and sharpness
Rods
The microscopic photoreceptor cells for daytime vision and color
Cones
List the three colors that the three kinds of cones are sensitive to
Red green and blue
List the primary colors
Red green and blue
What is in the hollow inside the eyeball?
Fluid
What maintains the normal shape of the eyeball?
Fluid
What in the eyeball refracts the light rays
Fluid
When the lens of the eye becomes hard and clouded what condition with the person be suffering from
Cataracs
If drainage in the eyeball is blocked in the internal pressure within the eye increases what condition does the person have?
Glaucoma
What can glaucoma lead to?
Blindness
What causes the human Blindspot a.k.a. optic disc?
Optic nerve lack of rods and cones
The medical term for nearsightedness
Myopia
The medical term for farsightedness
Hyperopia
The medical term for blurred vision
AStigmatism
The part of the brain known as the visual cortex
Occipital
Which lobe of the brain processes stimulation from the ears
Temporal
Which lobe of the brain processes simulation from the skin
Parietal
Which part of the brain is involved with balance
Cerebellum
What can happen if two or more senses send differing data to the brain
Motion sickness
The receptors involved with hearing and equilibrium
Mechoreceptors
The three areas of the ear
External middle and inner
The medical term for the eardrum
Tympanic membrane
Glands in the ear that produce a waxy substance
Ceremonious glands
The medical term for the waxy substance produced by the ear
Cérumen
Cerumen build up damage to shorthairs of the auditory canal, and/or deterioration of the ossicles may all cause
Hearing loss
Which sense organ has hairs about 15,000 microscopic hair cells
ears
Medical term for the three ear bones of the middle ear
Malleus, incus and stapes
The medical term for the hammer ear bone
Malleus
The medical term for the anvil ear bone
Incus
The medical term for the stirrup ear bone
Stapes
The tube that connects the throat with the middle ear
Eustachian tube
auditory tube
The medical term for a middle ear infection
Ottis media
Which medical condition involves ringing in the ear
Tinnitus
Which medical condition involves a sense of spinning or moving around in space
Vertigo
How can a sore throat become a middle ear infection?
Eustachian tube
Parts of the odd shaped bone of the inner ear
Vestibule, cochlea, semi circular canals
A treatment for some forms of nerve deafness
Implants
Sense organs of taste
Tastebuds
Why do we often utilize music and massage therapy?
Stimulates relaxation
On what structures of the tongue are tastebuds found
Papilla
List the four sensations of taste
Sour, sweet, salty, and bitter
The sense of taste is highly associated with the sense of
Smell
The sense of smell is highly associated with our_____ due to the sharing of the same pathways
Memory
Which of the five special senses do we rely on the most?
Sight
How can the sense of smell see if our life
Rotten foods
