Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Health and Diseases > Urinalysis > Flashcards

Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

lit 3 urine collection procedures

A
  1. cystocentesis
  2. catheterization
  3. mid-stream flow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is cystocentesis?

A

a sterile urine collection technique where urine is collected from bladder through abdominal wall puncture guided with ultrasonography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which urine collection procedure did Dr. Pullen always use and why?

A

cystocentesis, it is sterile and he is the ultrasound god

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is catheterization?

A

a method of urine collection where a urinary catheter is placed in the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is mid-stream flow collection?

A

allow the inital urine to flow (to flush out bacteria and get a more representative sample) and collecting the mid portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how to you stimulate urination in dairy cattle?

A

stimulate the vulva continuously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is inflammation of the bladder called?

A

cystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do you diagnose cystitis?

A

cystocentesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 3 ways to classify diseases thatc cause urine issues?

A
  1. pre-renal: problem before kidneys
  2. renal: problem with kidneys
  3. post-renal: problem after kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

give 2 examples of pre-renal diseases

A

anemia, hemolytic diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

give 3 examples of renal diseases

A

nephritis: kidney inflammation
nephrosis: pathology in kidneys
some metabolic diseases in small animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

give an example of a post-renal disease

A

UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how quickly to you want to process a urinalysis after urine collection? why?

A

analyze within 4-6 hours after collection; urine will keep changing (pH, all levels, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 11 aspects of a urinalysis?

A
  1. color
  2. clarity or turbidity
  3. odor
  4. specific gravity
  5. urine pH
  6. protein
  7. glucose
  8. bilirubin/urobilinogen
  9. occult blood
  10. luekocytes
  11. sediments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does coloir depend on in a urinalysis?

A

concentration of urine or diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does pink and red color indicate in urine?

A

UTI, kidney infection, other illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does green urine indicate?

A

possible kidney problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does brown urine indicate?

A

possible internal bleeding or toxic reaction

19
Q

if you are an owner and you see brown urine in your animal what should you do?

A

seek immediate medical attention

20
Q

what does transparent urine indicate?

A

overhydration

21
Q

what does pale yellow urine indicate?

A

perfect!

22
Q

what does dark yellow urine indicate?

A

dehydrated

23
Q

when does turbidity of urine (oppostie of clarity) increase?

A

in cases of pigmenturia, crystalluria, hematuria, pyuria, lipiduria, or mucus

24
Q

how do you test turbidity/clarity in urinalysis?

A

hold urine up to words and try to read them through the urine

25
Q

what gives color to urine?

A

fats/solids

26
Q

what animals have strong ammonia in their urine?

A

cats and goats

27
Q

what will urine with high ketones smell like?

A

acetone

28
Q

what alters odor of urine?

A

bacterial infections

29
Q

what is specific gravity of urine?

A

ratio of the weight of a volume of liquid (urine) to the weight of an equal volume of water (bascially density measurement)

30
Q

how do you measure specific gravity in urine?

A

using a refractometer

31
Q

what is the general pH or dog and cat urine?

A

acidic

32
Q

what is the general pH of horses and ruminants?

A

alkaline

33
Q

what does pH influence?

A

the formation of certain crystals

34
Q

what can the presence of protein in the urine be due to?

A

pre-renal, renal, or post-renal causes

35
Q

what condition would cause an increase of protein in the urine?

A

proteinuria

36
Q

what is the threshold for renal glucose?

A

> 180mg/dL

37
Q

when do you see glucosuria?

A

after hyperglycemia (diabetes) and renalfunction

38
Q

what is bilirubinuria associated with?

A

increased hemoylsis

39
Q

when do you see increased urobilinogen?

A

with hyperbilirubinemia

40
Q

what is occult blood?

A

sneaky blood! can’t be detected with naked eye

41
Q

what does occult blood help determine?

A
  1. RBCs
  2. hemoglobin
  3. haptoblobin (which strips hemoglobin and RBCs)
42
Q

what do leukocytes in urine indicate?

A

infection

43
Q

how do you observe sediments in a urinalysis?

A

under a microscope

Animal Health and Diseases (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions