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Anatomy > Upper Respiratory System > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system?

A

Air distributer and gas exchanger, supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.
Also warms, filters, and humidifies air

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2
Q

What is olfaction?

A

Smell

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3
Q

Everything in the respiratory system, except for Alveoli

A

Air distributors

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4
Q

Sacs that serve as gas exchangers

A

Alveoli

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5
Q

What are the parts of the upper respiratory tract?

A

Nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx and larynx

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6
Q

What are the parts of the lower respiratory tract?

A

Trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

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7
Q

What are the accessory structures of the respiratory system?

A

Oral cavity, ribcage, diaphragm

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8
Q

External portion consists of a bony and cartilaginous frame covered by skin containing sebaceous glands

A

Structure of the NOSE

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9
Q

What are the two nasal bones surrounded by superiorly?

A

Frontal bone

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10
Q

What are the two nasal bone surrounded by laterally?

A

The maxilla

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11
Q

Where does the nasal bone meet the frontal bone?

A

Nasion

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12
Q

Where is the nasal cavity located?

A

Over the roof of the mouth, seperated by palatine and maxillary bones

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13
Q

What seperated the roof of the nose from the cranial cavity?

A

Cribriform plate (of Ethmoid bone)

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14
Q

Separates the nasal cavity into right and left cavities

A

Septum

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15
Q

What 4 structures create the septum?

A

-perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
-vomer bone
-vomeronasal cartilages
-septal nasal cartilage

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16
Q

Why is the nasal cavity divided into two?

A

To increase surface area to filter, warm, humidify

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17
Q

How many passageways are each nasal cavity divided in to?

A

3

18
Q

What are the 3 passageways of the nasal cavity called?

A

Superior, middle and inferior meatuses

19
Q

What are the meatuses created by?

A

Concha
(Small shell like bone structure)

20
Q

External openings to nasal cavities; open into vestibule

A

Anterior nares ( nostrils )

21
Q

Where is vestibule located?

A

Lies just inside the nasal cavity

22
Q

Coarse hairs in the vestibule to stop particulates from entering system

A

Vibriasse

23
Q

What is the sequence of air flow through the nose into the pharynx?

A

Anterior nares -> vestibule -> 3 meatuses simultaneously-> posterior nares -> nasopharynx

24
Q

A mucous membrane that has a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with numerous goblet cells that produce and release mucous; it contains a rich blood supply
(Referred to as olfactory epithelium)

A

Respiratory mucosa

25
Q

Special sensory membrane containing many olfactory nerve cells and a rich lymphatic plexus

A

Olfactory epithelium

26
Q

A tubelike structure 12.5 cm extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus; anterior to the cervical spine and made of muscle. Is divided into 3 parts

A

Pharynx

27
Q

Located behind the nose from the posterior nares to the level of the soft palate

A

Nasopharynx

28
Q

Located behind the mouth from the soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone ( hyoid bone at level of C-3)

A

Oropharynx

29
Q

Extends from hyoid bone to esophagus

A

Laryngopharynx

30
Q

Where are pharyngeal tonsils located?

A

In the nasopharynx
(Most superior)

31
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils and the lingual tonsils located?

A

Oropharynx
Palatine ( most commonly removed)
Lingual (below tongue)

32
Q

How many openings are there to the pharynx?

A

7

33
Q

The pharynx affects speech production

A

True

34
Q

Both air and food pass through the pharynx

A

True

35
Q

Positioned between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea
(C3-C6)

A

Larynx

36
Q

What are the 3 laryngeal cartilages?

A

Thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple), epiglottis, cricoid cartilages

37
Q

Has a free superior border that moves up and down during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the trachea

A

Epiglottis

38
Q

Three pairs of smaller cartilages

A

Paired laryngeal cartilages

39
Q

What are the three paired laryngeal cartilages?

A

Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform

40
Q

What is the largest cartilage in the larynx?

A

Thyroid cartilage

Anatomy (9 decks)

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