Level 2 - Shoulder Flashcards
What bones does the shoulder girdle consist of?
Scapula and clavicle
What bone forms the only bony joint with the trunk (sternum)?
Clavicle
What is the joint called where the clavicle meets to sternum?
Sternoclavicular joint (SC joint)
What is the joint called where the distal end f the clavicle articulate with the acromion process of the scapula?
Acromioclavicular joint (AC joint)
Where is the scapula located in relation to the thorax?
Upper posterolateral aspect of the thorax
T/F
The scapula is attached by muscles only?
True
What is the joint called where the humerus articulates with the scapula?
Glenohumeral joint
Where does the clavicle sit in relation to the thorax?
The clavicle sits horizontally at the anterior, superior aspect of the thorax
T/F
The clavicle acts as a prop to support the shoulder away from the thorax to allow for free movement of the upper extremity
True
What shape is the scapula?
Triangular
Flat bone
What surface of the scapula is slightly concave and conforms to the curvature of the chest wall?
Costal (ribs) surface, anterior
What are the ridges on the costal surface of the scapula for?
For attachment of the subscapularis muscle
T/F
The lateral ridge is on the anterior surface of the scapula and lies parallel to the lateral border
True
How is the posterior surface (dorsal) of the scapula defined from the anterior surface?
The spine
What does the spine of the scapula divide?
The supraspinous and infraspinous fossae
What does the spine of the scapula end?
Just before the head of the scapula
Where does the acromion process begin?
At the neck, acromion angle
(Spine turns into acromion, makes a sharp turn anteriorly)
What is it called where the 2 fossa’s (supra and infra spinous) can “communicate”?
Spinoglenoid notch
What muscles attach to the spinoglenoid notch?
Trapezius and deltoid
Which border on the scapula is the shortest?
Superior border
What is at the lateral aspect of the superior border?
Suprascapular/scapular notch
What border lies parallel to the spine when the arm is at the side and can be palpable?
Medial border
What border is covered by muscles and runs from the inferior angle to the glenoid cavity?
Lateral border
Where is the glenoid fossa located?
Lateral
What is located between the superior and medial borders?
Superior angle
What is located between the medial and lateral borders? It is at the level of the 7th rib
Inferior angle
What angle is broad and has the glenoid cavity (the head of the scapula). behind is the neck of the scapula
Lateral angle (glenoid fossa/head of scapula)
What is an articulat surface with slight concavity. It faces lateral with slight up and forward tilt
Glenoid cavity
What is the fibrocartilaginous rim that attaches to the glenoid cavity to deepen the cavity of the joint?
Glenoid labrum
Where is the supraglenoid tubercle located, and what muscle attaches to it?
Above glenoid cavity
Biceps
Where is the infraglenoid tubercle located and what muscle attaches to it?
Below glenoid cavity
Triceps
-Arises from the lateral end of the superior border
-Projects up and forward then turns sharply laterally over the superior aspect of the shoulder joint
Coracoid process
(Anterior)
What muscles attach to the coracoid process?
Biceps and coracobrachialis
-a flattened lateral projection continuous with the spine of the scapula, at the criminal angle
-projects laterally over the shoulder joint
-articulated with clavicle
Acromion
(Posterolateral)
T/F
The clavicle has cancellous bone covered in compact bone. It has no medullary cavity
True
What end of the clavicle articulates with the clavicular notch of the manubrium sterni
Sternal end of clavicle
Forms Sternoclavicular joint
(Square shaped end)
What end of the clavicle articulates with the medial side of the acromion?
It has the trapezoid line and conoid tubercle (attachments for ligaments) on the under surface
Acromial end
Acromioclavicular joint
(Flatter end)
What surface of the clavicle is flat?
Superior surface
What surface of the clavicle has the tubercle with the ridge (conoid)
Inferior surfacr
What side of the clavicle is convex?
Medial
What side of the clavicle is concave?
Lateral
What structures strengthen the shoulder joint?
Ligaments, muscles, tendons, bursae
(Glenoid labrum lends depth to the glenoid cavity)
What type of joint is the shoulder?
Synovial, ball and socket, multiaxial
What movements does the shoulder joint allow for?
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction
What type of joint is the Sternoclavicular joint? And what are its movements?
Synovial, gliding or saddle joint
Gliding, elevation, depression protraction, retraction, rotation along the clavicle
What type of joint is the Acromioclavicular joint? And what are its movements?
Synovial, gliding/plane
Rotational movements along the long axis of the clavicle/gliding
