Joints Flashcards
Point of contact between bones
Articulation
Immovable joint
Synarthroses
Slightly moveable joint
Ampiarthroses
Freely moving joint
Diarthroses
Bones of joint fit together closely, thereby allowing little or no movement
Fibrous joint (synarthroses)
- Syndesmoses
- Sutures
- Gomphoses
3 types of fibrous joints
Joint in which ligaments connect two bones
Ex. Between radius and ulna
(Interosseous ligament)
Syndesmoses joint
Joint found only in the skull; teeth like projections from adjacent bones interlock with eachother
Suture joint
Joint between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla
Gomphoses joint
Bones of joints that articulate by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. Very little movement only
Cartilaginous joint (amphiarthroses)
Joints in which hyaline cartilage is present between the two bones
Ex. Joint between ribs and sternum
Synchrondroses joint
Chondro = cartilage
Joint joined by fibrocartilage
Ex. Symphysis pubis
*always mid-sagittal
Symphyses joint
- Hinge joint
- Pivot joint
- Saddle joint
- Condyloid joint
- Ball and socket joint
- Gliding joint
6 types of synovial joints
Sleeve like casing around the ends of the bones that binds them together
(Synovial joint)
Joint capsule
Membrane that lines the joint capsule and also secretes synovial fluid
(Synovial joint)
Synovial membrane
Hyaline cartilage covering the articulat surface of bones
* majority is hyaline cartilage
(Synovial joint)
Articulate cartilage
Small space between the articulating surfaces of the two bones of the joint
*gets smaller with arthritis
(Synovial joint)
Joint cavity
Pads of fibrocartilage located between articulating bones
(Synovial joint)
Menisci (articular disks)
Strong cords of dense, white, fibrous tissue that hold bones of the synovial joint more firmly together
(Synovial joint)
Ligaments
Synovial membranes filled with synovial fluid; cushion joints and facilitate movement of tendons
*sits in joint space Ex. Fossa
(Synovial joint)
Bursae
Synovial joints that permit movement around only one axis and in only one plane
Uniaxial joints
- hinge joint
- pivot joint
Articulating ends of bones form a hinge-shaped unity that allows only flexion and extension
Hinge joint
A projection of one bone articulates with a ring or notch of another bone
Ex. Superior radio-ulnar joint
(Head of radius with radial notch on ulna)
Pivot joint
Synovial joints that permit movements around two perpendicular axes in two perpendicular planes
Biaxial joints
- saddle joint
- condyloid joint/ellipsoidal
(Condyloid and ellipsoidal are interchangeable)
Synovial joints in which the articulating ends of the bone resemble reciprocally shaped mini saddles
Ex. Thumb (base of 1st MC and trapezium)
Saddle joint
Synovial joints in which a console articulates
* more round
* ellipsoidal = more oval
Condyloid/ellipsoidal joint
Synovial joints that permit movements around three or more axes in three or more planes
Multi axial joint
- ball and socket
- gliding
Most moveable joints; the ball shaped head of one bone fits into a concave depression
Ball and socket joint (spheroid)
Relatively flat articulating surfaces that allow limited gliding movements along various axes
Ex. Between vertebrae
*also known as plane joints
Gliding joint
