Upper Motor Flashcards
What are some structures for upper motor control?
Motor cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia
List 3 things cerebellum is involved in
Balance
Posture
Learning
What are the 3 functional regionals of the cerebellum and what they are associated with
- vestibulocerebellum: balance
- spinocerebellum: posture
- cerebrocerebellum: learning
Which lobe receives input from most fibers in the vestibulocerebellar pathway
Floculonodular lobe
The vestibular nuclei receives input from?
Vestibular labyrinth
A lesion of the vestibulocerebellar pathway disrupts the ability to ?
Use vestibular feedback to coordinate gaze and balance
Which functional region receives spinal/trigeminal/auditory and visual input and regulates movement precision?
Spinocerebellum
The vestibulocerebellum controls balance and eye movements via the ______________
Vestibular nuclei
Output from cerebellum sends feedback in the motor learning pathway via what to the motor thalamus?
Red nucleus
What do basal ganglia do?
Facilitate or inhibit movement
Is motor planning and execution in basal ganglia direct or indirect pathway?
Direct
The striatum of basal ganglia includes:
Caudate and putamen
What is the source of basal ganglia’s inhibitory projection to motor thalamus and cortex?
Globos pallidus
The subthalamic nucleus excites the _____________
Globus pallidus
The substantial nigra excites and inhibits the ___________
Striatum
What do basal ganglia do?
Selection, planning, and initiation of voluntary movements/ suppression of involuntary behaviors
List the 3 main components in the motor loop
Cortex
Basal ganglia
Thalamus
Inhibition of the cortex is done by ____________ indirect/direct pathways
Indirect
T/F Glutamate is always excitatory
True
If dopamine is in D2 receptor, is it inhibitory or excitatory?
Inhibitory
D1 and D5 receptors are ____________ (excitatory/inhibitory)
Excitatory-direct
Which dopamine receptors are inhibitory?
D2 and D4
What are some disorders associated with the basal ganglia?
Parkinson’s and Huntington’s
