Axial Osteology

Question 1

List the regions of the vertebral column

Answer 1

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, caudal

Question 2

What is the vertebral formula for equine?

Answer 2

C7/T18/L5-6/S5/Cd15-21

Question 3

What is the anticlinal vertebrae in horses?

Answer 3

T16

Question 4

How many ribs do horses have?

Answer 4

18

Question 5

Vertebral formula for bovine

Answer 5

C7/T13/L6/S5/Cd 18-20

Question 6

T13 is the anticlinal for which species?

Answer 6

bovine

Question 7

Describe the atlas

Answer 7

C1, has wings

Question 8

Which vertebrae has a dens?

Answer 8

Axis/C2

Question 9

Which ligament runs between arches of the vertebrae and is elastic?

Answer 9

Yellow ligament / interarcuate

Question 10

what is the term for when dorsal spinous processes are overriding?

Answer 10

Kissing spine

Question 11

What elastic structure helps hold the head up?

Answer 11

Nuchal ligament

Question 12

What are the limits to the nuchal ligament?

Answer 12

C2-T1 or T2

Question 13

What are the 2 parts to LA nuchal ligament?

Answer 13

laminar and funicular

Question 14

What are 2 clinical issues seen with bursas associated with the nuchal ligament?

Answer 14

poll evil (cranial nuchal) and fistulous withers (supraspinous)

Question 15

What is the joint between Skull and C1 called?

Answer 15

Atlanto-occipital

Question 16

Atlanto axial joint is between?

Answer 16

C1 and C2

Question 17

What are the muscle groups associated with the vertebral column?

Answer 17

epaxial (above) and hypaxial (below)