Pelvic Limb Osteology Flashcards
List the 3 bones the make up the pelvis
- Tuber sacrale
- Tuber coxae
- tuber ischiadicum
Which pelvis bone has a cranial and caudal iliac spine?
T. sacrale
The Tuber __________ is more prominent in ruminants and can even assist when you have to BCS or help them stand; hook bone
coxae
What is the pin bone?
T. ischiadicum
What reveals the slope of the pelvis?
The line from the T coxae to the ischiadicum
A high pinned cow can be seen as undesirable due to its probable issues during what?
Birth (aka can be more prone to dystocia)
Describe a characteristic of the greater trochanter in ungulates?
it rises above the femoral head
the insertion for the Iliopsoas is the ________________
Lesser trochanter
Why is the 3rd trochanter absent in ruminants?
Due to the fusion of the sup gluteal muscle to the biceps femoris (gluteobiceps)
True or False: the lateral malleolus is fused in horses to the tibia
true
Describe the fibula in ruminants
Head of the fibula is fused with tibial plateu and distally, it is a separate bone (malleolar bone)
List the proximal row of the tarsus
Talus and calcaneus
List the intermediate row of the tarsus with different species
bovine: central + T IV
equine: central
Which tarsal bones are fused in the distal row of the equine tarsus?
1 + 2
Tarsal bones 2 and 3 are fused in ?
ruminants
T/F: tarsal bone 4 is part of both distal and intermediate rows
true
Which MT are fused in ruminants?
MT 3 and 4
Is MT 3 the same length as MC 3?
No, it is 1/3 longer
Which MT is the vestigial bone in ruminants?
MT 5
The sesamoid bones in the pelvic limb are in the _____________ (palmar/plantar) surface.
Plantar
In the ruminant, which digits are weight bearing?
3 and 4
Dewclaws are non weight bearing phalanges #____?
2 and 5
Swine have 4 complete digits, does it include the MT?
yes
Which joint transmits thrust from the limbs to the spine?
Sacroiliac joint
What type of joint is the coxofemoral?
ball and socket
List the ligaments providing stability to the hip joint
- ligament of the head of the femur
- accessory ligament of the head of the femur
- transverse acetabular
What ligament of the hip joint is only present in equine?
Accessory ligament of the head of the femur
Which ligament fuses with the pre-pubic tendon?
Transverse acetabular
List the 3 compartments of the genual joint
-medial and lateral femorotibial
- femoropatellar
Which stifle joint compartments usually communicate in equine?
- medial femorotibial and femoropatellar
True or false: in swine, all compartments of the stifle joint communicate
true
How many patellar ligaments in the stifle joint?
3
What is a common clinical problem with horses regarding the stifle joint?
Dorsal dislocation (fixation) of patella
List the joints of the tarsus
- tibiotarsal
- proximal, distal intertarsal
- trasometatarsal
What tarsal joint communicates with the proximal intertarsal joint in horses and ruminants?
tibiotarsal
What is the general term for chronic OA of the distal hock joints?
Bone spavin
If the patella fixation is present, what will hapen to the stifle and hock?
They will be extended
What is the muscle involved in the reciprocal mechanism?
FIbularis tertius
