Upper limb sheet 6

Question 1

Ask your model to demonstrate the action of over head reaching
What movement is occurring at the GH joint?

Answer 1

Extension then flexion to bring the arm back down

Question 2

Explain which muscles are producing this movement.

Answer 2

Flexors = pectoralis major, anterior fibres deltoid, long head bicep

Extensors = posterior fibres deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, triceps

Question 3

Explain helping neutraliser with example from upper limb and/or lower limb.

Answer 3

Helping = counters movement of agonist and helps with wanted movement

True = only counters agonist movement

E.G. biceps flex elbow, pronator teres is a helping neutraliser, pronator quadratus is a true neutraliser

Question 4

Explain the attachments, morphology and actions of Infraspinatus. Name the nerve supply.

Answer 4

Thick triangular muscle of rotator cuff

Origin: infraspinatus fossa

Insertion: posterior aspect of tuberosity of humerus, shoulder capsule

Actions: ext rotation, assists with shoulder extension

Nerve: Suprascapular nerve

Question 5

Explain the attachments, morphology and actions of Rectus Abdominus. Name the nerve supply.

Answer 5

Arranged within rectus sheaths, gives 6 pack appearance

Origin: Pubic crest + symphysis

Insertion: Xiphoid process, costal cartilage of 5th,6th,7th ribs

Actions: Trunk flexion, compression of abdomen

Nerve: Anterior rami of lower 6-7 thoracic nerves

Question 6

Classify GHJ? Explain articulating surfaces, capsule, intra and extra capsular structures in GJH. Name the ligaments of GHJ

Answer 6

Synovial ball + socket, 3 degrees of freedom

Allows for flex/ ext, abd/ add, int/ext rotation

Glenoid fossa with head of humerus

Capsule formed from glenoid labrum to anatomical neck of humerus, slack inferiorly

Ligaments = superior/ middle/ inferior glenohumeral ligament, transverse humeral ligament (intracapsular), coracoacromial ligament, coracohumeral ligament

Question 7

What is the root value of Sciatic nerve? Which muscles group does it supply? Outline the course of this nerve?

Answer 7

L4,5,S1,2,3

Hamstrings (not short head of biceps femoris), adductor magnus

Lumbosacral plexus to popliteal fossa

Question 8

What is the root value of Musculocutaneous nerve? Which muscles group does it supply? Outline the course of this nerve?

Answer 8

C5,6,7

Coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii

brachial plexus to middle of upper arm

Question 9

Palpate the spine of scapula/inferior angle of scapula and explain the level of thoracic vertebrae these bony points corresponds to?

Answer 9

Spine of scapula origin is level with T3

Inferior angle of scapula is level with T8/9