Combined theory - upper limb Flashcards
Attachment , action and nerve supply of erector spinae
Origin: sacrum, iliac crest, spinous process T11-L5
Insertion : Ribs, transverse process, mastoid process
Action: Extension of spine, side flexion, rotation
Nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Classify elbow, articulating surfaces, ligaments + attachments
Synovial hinge, 1 degree freedom
Capitulum - radial head
Olecranon - trochlea
Anterior capsule is continuous with annular ligament
Posterior capsule is strengthened by triceps tendon
LCL = lateral epicondyle - radial head
MCL = medial epicondyle - coranoid process of ulna
Annular ligament attaches from posterior and anterior margins of radial notch.
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of trapezius
Morphology - large, flat, triangular sheet of muscle
Origin: Occipital proturbance, nuchal line, upper portion ligamentum nuchae, SP of C7-T12
Insertion: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process
Actions: C-side flexion, C-extension, scapula elevation, depression, protraction and upwards rotation
Nerve: Spinal accessory nerve
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of serratus anterior
Morphology: Thin fan shaped muscle, oblique fibres
Origin: Superolateral surfaces of 1-9 ribs on lateral wall of thorax
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Actions: Protraction, upwards rotation
Nerve: Long thoracic nerve
Root value and course of common peroneal nerve
L4,5,S1,2
Apex of popliteal fossa to anterolateral lower leg
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of Teres Minor
Morpholgy: thick, flat, fusiform, rectangular
Origin: upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Actions: External rotation, adduction, extension
Nerve supply: Axillary
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of subscapularis
Morphology: Large, triangular shaped muscle under scapular
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Actions: Internal rotation
Nerve supply: Upper/ lower subscapular nerves
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of Pec Major
Morphology: Thick, large superior muscle of chest wall, convergent fibres
Origin: Sternum, medial 1/2 clavicle, manubrium, upper 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique
Insertion: Intertubercular groove, greater tubercle
Action: Shoulder flexion, adduction, medial rotation
Nerve: Clavicular fibres = lateral pectoral nerve, sternocostal fibres = medial pectoral nerve
Root and course of sciatic nerve
L4,5,S1,2,3
Lumbosacral plexus to apex of popliteal fossa
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of Latissimus Dorsi
Morphology: Large flat muscle with a spiralized tendon
Origin: Spinous process of T6-12, Posterior iliac crest
Insertion: Intertubercle groove of humerus
Actions: Scapula depression, shoulder extension, adduction and medial rotation
Nerve: thoracodorsal
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of supraspinatus
Morphology: Small, triangular muscle
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: 0-15 abduction
Nerve: Suprascapular nerve
Root value and course of axillary nerve
C5,6
Brachial plexus to posterior shoulder
Muscles attaching to olecranon, medial/ lateral epicondlye of humerus
Olecranon = triceps
Medial = flexor carpi ulnaris
Lateral = extensor carpi ulnaris
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of infraspinatus
Morphology: Thick, triangular muscle of rotator cuff
Origin: Infraspinatus fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Actions: external rotation
Nerve: suprascapular nerve
Morphology, attachments, actions, nerve of rectus abdominus
Morphology: Arranged in rectus sheaths, gives 6 pack appearance
Origin: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
Insertion: Xiphoid process, costal cartilage of 5th, 6th, 7th ribs
Actions: Trunk flexion, compression of abdomen
Nerve: Anterior rami of lower 6-7 thoracic nerves
