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AANATOMY > Upper limb 3 > Flashcards

Upper limb 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior compartment muscles of forearm actions

A

Flexion -> wrist and digits

Pronators -> forearm

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2
Q

Superficial group of anteiror compartment muscles of forearm

(4 of them)

A

Pronator teres

Flexor capri radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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3
Q

Common flexor tendon attachments

A

Origin -> Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion -> superficial layer of anterior forearm muscles

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4
Q

Pronator teres action on forearm

A

Pronation

Flexion

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5
Q

Innervation of pronator teres

A

Median nerve

(lateral and medial cord -> C5-T1)

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6
Q

median nerve roots

A

lateral cord -> C5-7

medial cord -> C8-T1

So, C5-T1

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7
Q

What superfical anterior forearm muscles adduct and abduct the wrist (2 muscles)

A

Adduction -> flexor carpi ulnaris

Abduction -> flexor carpi radialis

(picture is of felxor carpi ulnaris)

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8
Q

Innervation of superficial muscles of forearm

A

Ulnar nerve (1)

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Median nerve (3)

Protonator teres

Flexor capri rdialis

Palmaris longus

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9
Q

Brachioradialis is in what compartment

A

Extensor (posterior) compartment

Funny beacuse is is a felxor in the extensor compartment - absolute madness

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10
Q

Brachioradialis acts on what joint

A

Elbow

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11
Q

Main action of brachioradialis and in what position

A

Flexion of elbow (in mid pronated position)

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12
Q

Innervation of brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve

(as it’s in the extensor compartment remember

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13
Q

Intermediate group of anterior forearm muscles

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

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14
Q

FDS tendons attach to the

A

Middle phalanges of the fingers

(thumb is not a finger hahahahahah)

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15
Q

FDS action on writs, MCP and IP joints

A

Flexion

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16
Q

Does the FDS act on the distal IP joint?

A

Aboslutley…NOT

(the flexor diitorum profundus does this)

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17
Q

3 muscles of deep group of anterior forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP

Flexor pollicus longus

Pronator quadratus

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18
Q

FDP action on wrist and IP joints of digits 2-5 (not thumb obvs)

A

Flexion

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19
Q

FDP dual nerve supply

A

medial part (digit 4+5) - ulnar nerve

lateral part (digit 2+3) - median nerve

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20
Q

Nerve innervating flexor pollicus longus

A

Medial nerve

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21
Q

Main nerve of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Median nerve

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22
Q

in the cubital fossa, where is the median nerve in relation to the brachial artery

A

median nerve is medial to brachial artery

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23
Q

Which muscles does the median nerve not innervate in forearm?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of FDP

(ulnar nerve innervates these 2 bad boys)

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24
Q

Does median nerve enter hand by passing below or above flexor retinaculum?

A

Below it baby

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25
Q

How does ulnar nerve enter forearm?

A

Passing between heads of flexor carpi ulnaris

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26
Q

Ulnar nerve position in relation to ulnar artery

A

Nerve medial to artery

(nerve is closer to the body so it is on the outter part of the arm)

27
Q

2 terminal branches of brachial artery?

A

Radial and ulnar

28
Q

What is the carpal tunnel?

A

Passageway deep to flexor retinaculum

Between scaphoid and trapezius on lateral side and psiform and hamate on medial side

lateral side -> scaphoid and trapezius

medial -> psiform and hamate

29
Q

Contents of carpal tunnel

A

Median nerve

4 tendons of FDS

4 tendons of FDP

1 tendon of FPL

30
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome is due to compression of what

A

median nerve

31
Q

Muscle contributing to palmar aponeurosis

A

Palmaris longus

32
Q

Thenar muscles main responsibility

A

Opposition of thumb (via opponens pollicis)

33
Q

3 thenar muscle

A

Abductor pollicus brevis

Flexor pollicus brevis

Opponens pollicus

34
Q

Innervation of thenar muscles

A

Median nerve

35
Q

Hypothenar muscles

A

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi

Opponens digiti minimi

36
Q

Innervation of hypothenar muscles

A

Ulnar nerve

37
Q

2 heads of adductor pollicus

A

Oblique and transverse

38
Q

Adductor pollicus innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

39
Q

Which flexor tendon do lumbricals originate?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

40
Q

Lumbricals action

A

Flexion -> metacarpophalangeal joints

Extension -> IP joint (2-5 digit)

41
Q

Where are interossei located?

A

Between metacarpal bones

42
Q

How many interossei?

A

4 dorsal and 3 palmar

43
Q

Actions of the palmar and dorsal interossei muscles

A

dorsal interossei -> abduction (DAB)

palmar interossei -> adduction (PAD)

DAB and PAD

44
Q

Innervation of interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

45
Q

Superficial and deep palmar arterial arches main contributors

A

Superficial -> ulnar artery

Deep -> radial artery

46
Q

Does radial nerve supply any hand muscles?

A

No

Only skin on back of hand

47
Q

Ulnar nerve - what it does NOT innervate in the hand

A

Thenar muscles

1st and 2nd lumbricals

(innervatde by the median nerve)

48
Q

carpal bones

A

SOME LOVERS TRY POSITIONS THAT THEY CAN’T HANDLE

s - scaphoid

L - lunate

t - triquetrum

p - pisiform

t - trapezium

t - trapezioid

c - capitate

h - hamate

49
Q

wrist joint type

A

synovial condylor

50
Q

Articular part of wrist

A

radius

lunate

scaphoid

triquetrum

(no ulna)

51
Q

movements of wrist

A

flexion

extension

circumduction

abduction

adduction

52
Q

Anterior compartment of forearm on wrist

53
Q

Extensor and flexor carpi ulnaris on wrist

A

Flexor -> Adduction and flexion

Extensor -> extension

54
Q

abduction of wrist is caused by what muscle

A

flexor carpi radialis

(also casues flexion)

55
Q

What is the action of most of posterior compartment muscles of forearm on wrist joint?

56
Q

innervation of lumbricals

A

Medial 2 -> ulnar nerve

Lateral 2 -> median nerve

57
Q

What is the combined function of the flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris

58
Q

What is the combined function of the flexor and extensor capri radialis?

59
Q

What are the clinical fucntions of the cubital fossa

A

BP measuring

Iv injections into medial cubital vein

Need to know where the brachial artery is in supracondylar fractures

60
Q

What is the course of the radial nerve

A

Branches off the BP’s poseior cord

v

Travels posteiror to axillary artery

v

Decscneds down the humerus’ radial groove

(joined by profunda biceps artery)

v

enters cubital fossa

v

Travels anterior to the lateral malloelus

v

Gives off too branches -> superficial and deep

Superficial branch -> sensory to dorsum of hand

Deep branch -> posterior interosseus nerve

61
Q

What is the course of the ulnar nerve

A

Branches off the median branch of BP

v

Medial to axillary artery

v

enters intermuscular septum

v

posterior compartment

v

travels posterior to medial epicondyle

v

pierces heads of fexlor carpi ulnaris

v

travels superficial to flexor retinaculum

v

Enters hand via ulnar canal

62
Q

What is the course of the median nerve

A

Branches off the median and lateral cords of BP

v

Travels lateral to axillary artery

v

Travels laterally to brachial artery

v

Crosses to medial side of brachial artery

v

enters cubital fossa

v

travels between the FDS and FDP

v

gives off 2 branches

v

Enters the carpal tunnel

63
Q

If a questio nwas to ask what is the ‘combined function’ of muscles in the forearm, what is the only 2 answers that it can be

A

Adduction or aduction

(think about the flexor/extensor capri ulnaris/radialis muscels)

AANATOMY (20 decks)

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