Lower limb 4

Question 1

upper medial border of popliteal fossa is made up of what muscle

Answer 1

semimembranosus

Question 2

upper lateral border of popliteal fossa is made up of what muscle

Answer 2

biceps femoris

Question 3

inferior boundary of popliteal fossa is made up of what muscle

Answer 3

gastrocnemius (lateral ane medial head)

Question 4

6 contents of popliteal fossa

Answer 4

1. fat
2. popliteal LN
3. popliteal vein
4. popliteal artery
5. common fibular nerve
6. tibial nerve

Question 5

division of posterior leg

Answer 5

superficial and deep

Question 6

Superficial posterior leg muscle

Answer 6

Gastrocnemius

(the gastroc baby)

Question 7

Innervation of gastrocnemius

Answer 7

Tibial nerve

Question 8

Function of plantaris

Answer 8

Proprioception

Weak plantarflexion

Question 9

Order of posterior leg structures passing behind medial malleolus

Answer 9

Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry

Tom= tibialis posteior

Dick= flexor digitorum longus

And= posterior tibial artery

Very= posteior tibial vein

Nervous= tibial nerve

Harry= flexor hallucis longus

(tom is most anterior, harry is most posterior)

Question 10

Muscle beneath gastrocnemius

Answer 10

Soleus

Question 11

Innervation of posterior leg

Answer 11

Tibial nerve

Question 12

Arterial supply to posterior compartment

Answer 12

Posterior tibial artery

Question 13

4 muscles of deep posterior leg

Answer 13

tibialis posterior

Flexor digitorum longus (FDL)

Flexor hallucis longus (FHL)

Popliteus

Question 14

Popliteus action on knee

Answer 14

Unlocks

Weakly flexion

Question 15

Deep posterior leg muscles action on toes and ankle

Answer 15

Flexion

Question 16

What joints do eversion and inversion occur?

Answer 16

Subtalar joints

Question 17

What aspect of the foot are the layers of foot muscles located and how may layers are there?

Answer 17

On the plantar aspscet (intrsinic)

4

(the muscles on the dorsal aspect are extrisnic, which inlude extensor halluisc longus and extensor digitorum brevis)

Question 18

Layer 1 of foot muscles

Answer 18

abductor hallicus

flexor digitorum brevis

abductor digiti minimi

Question 19

Layer 2 of foot muscles

Answer 19

flexor hallicus longus

quadratus plantae

flexor digitorum longus

lumbricals

Question 20

Nerves and arteries in layer 2 of foot muscles

Answer 20

nerves: lateral & medial plantar nerve

Arteries: lateral & medial plantar arteries (branch from posterior tibial artery)

Question 21

2 terminal branches of tibial nerve innervating intrinsic foot muscles

Answer 21

Medial and lateral plantar nerve

Question 22

2 terminal branches of posterior tibial artery supplying foot

Answer 22

medial and lateral plantar artery

Question 23

Function of foot arches

Answer 23

Distribute body weight

Shock absorption

Question 24

What resists the force drawing navicular and calcaneus apart?

Answer 24

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

(AKA sping ligament)

Question 25

passive factors that maintain the foot arch

Answer 25

shape of bones

plantar aponeurosis

long & short plantar ligament

Question 26

dynamic factors that maintain the the integrity of the foot arch

Answer 26

intrinsic muscles of foot

long flexor tendons

tibilais anterior

fibularis longus tendon

Question 27

What are the extrisnic muscles of the foot and on what aspect are they located?

Answer 27

Extensor hallucis brevis

Extensor digitorum brevis

Located on the dorsal aspect

Question 28

What are these 2 nerve that supply cutaneous innervation of the sole of the foot

Answer 28

Purple -> saphenous nerve

Red -> sural nerve

Question 29

What is the name of this fracture shown on the x-ray and what is fractured

Answer 29

Potts fracture

Fractured:

medial & lateral malleoli

Distal fibula

Question 30

On what movements are ankle sprains most likely to occur?

Answer 30

Plantarflexion

Inversion

Weight-bearing

Question 31

What common clinical issues can affect the planar apponerosis

Answer 31

Plantar fascitis