Bones & joints Flashcards
what are the different types of synovial joints?
Ball & socket
Plane
Pivot
Condylar (ellipsoid)
Saddle
Hinge
what is the definition of a joint
union between 2 or more rigid compartments
AKA articulation
what are the 2 functions of joints
movement & growth
what are the three main types of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
what are fibrous joints
give examples
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Made of collagen
Rigid in adults
Examples:
- Suture
- Gomphosis (teeth)
- Syndesmosis
what type of joint is a syndesmosis
where might you find one
Fibrous
Distal tibia-fibular joint
Between radius & ulna
what are the two types of cartilaginous joints
Primary
- bone growth
- made of hylaine cartilage
- only in kids
- synchondroses
Secondary
- Symphyses
what type of cartilage is primary cartilagionus joints made up of
what does this allow
Hylaine cartilage
Allows for growth
what type of joints are the following
- Symphyses
- Synchondrosis
- Syndesmosis
Symphyses= secondary cartilagionus
Synchondrosis= primary cartilgaionus
Syndesmosis= fibrous
what does a synovial joint contain
Synovial membrane
—
synovial cavity
—
articular cartilage
what does joint stability depend on
Shape of articulating surfaces
Fibrous capsulse
Ligaments & muscles
what is Hilton’s law
the nerve that crosses a joint also innervates it
what are the two different types of bone growth
(not formation)
whats the difference
give exampels of both
Appositional & interstitial
Apposisiontal
- width & thickness
- periosteum
Interstitial
- length
- epithelalial growth plate
what are the 6 differnet bone shapes
give examples
Long
- Femur
- Radius & ulnar
- Humerus
- Tibia & fibular
- Phalanges
Short
- Tarsals & carpals
- Scaphoid
Irregular
- Ribs
- Vertebrae
- Pelvis
Sutural
- Skull
Seasmoid
- Patella
Flat
- Scapula
- Sternum
what is ossification and what are the two different types
Intramembranous
- embryonic connective tissue
Endochondral
- hylaine cartilage
