Upper GI Histo Flashcards
what is the shape of taste buds? what do they have to help sense taste?
barrel shaped
have microvilli that project into the oral cavity
what are the two types of cells in salivary glands?
mucous and serous
what do serous cells secrete in slaivary gland? what about mucous cells?
serous secrete protein and mucous secrete mucinogen
mucous cell collections often have a cell that overlays them…what is this cell called? what does it secrete?
serous demilunes and they secrete lysozyme
what is the role of the myoepithelial cell? where is it located?
it is located in the salivary glands and it maintains the integrity of the salivary unit
describe the route that secretions from serous or mucous cells follow
exit cells and enter the intercalated ducts then enter the striated or intralobular ducts and then enter the oral cavity
what are the two duct types in the salivary glands?
intercalated ducts
striated or intralobular ducts
what is the role played by the striated or intralobular ducts? what allows this to occur?
they suck up NaCl and put bicarb and K into the mucous…need tons of mitochondria to do this
parotid glands are serous, mucous or both?
serous
submandibular glands are serous, mucous or mixed?
mixed
sublingual glands are serous, mucous or mixed?
mixed
list the seven layers of the basic organization of the GI tract
Mucosa has the epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae
Submucosa
Muscularis Externa
Adventitia (Serosa if peritoneum)
what is the role of the muscularis mucosae?
to keep the inner layers of the digestive organs from wrinkling
how many layers of muscle are there in the muscularis externa of the esophagus?
two
the inner layer of muscle in esophagus is circular or longitudinal?
circular
the outer layer of muscle in esophagus is circular or longitudinal?
longitudinal
what is the epithelium type in the esophagus?
stratified squamous
what is the epithelium type in the stomach?
simple columnar
what type of glands are present in the lamina propria of the esophagus? what about the submucosa?
lamina is cardiac glands and submucosa is esophagus glands
what does the submucosa of the stomach have that helps increas surface area?
rugae
how many layers of muscle are there in the muscularis externa of the stomach?
three
name the six main cells types that are in the stomach
surface lining cell mucous neck cell parietal cell chief cell enteroendocrine cell regenerating cell
where is the surface lining cell found in the stomach?
epithelial surface of the entire stomach
where is the mucous neck cell found in the stomach?
necks of the gastric pits in all regions of the stomach
what do surface lining cells secrete into the lumen of the stomach?
mucinogen
where are chief cells found in the stomach?
in the body and fundus at the base of the gastric pits
what two things do chief cells secrete?
pepsinogen and lipase
where are parietal cells found in the stomach?
midway down gastric pits…between mucous neck cells and chief cells…in all regions of stomach
what two things do parietal cells secrete?
HCL and gastric intrinsic factor
what is unique about parietal cells when they are stimulated to release the HCL?
they can recanalize and allow for better emptying of their contents…they pretty much can morph
where are eneteroendocrine cells found in the stomach? what is their role?
in the very base of the gastric glands..they secrete hormones into the blood…use an apical part to monitor the stomach contents
where are regenerative cells found?
necks of the stomach glands all over the stomach
what is the type of gland found in the cardiac and pyoric regions?
simple coiled tubular
what is the type of gland that is found in the FUNDIC (body and fundus) glands?
simple branhced tubular
