Lower GI Histo

Question 1

what cells of the pancreas are considered exocrine cells?

Answer 1

acinar cells

Question 2

what do acinar cells have at the apical part that secrete stuff?

Answer 2

zymogen granules

Question 3

when acinar cells secrete contents…what do they intially go into?

Answer 3

intercalated ducts

Question 4

what type of cell is the one that forms the initial part of the intercalated ducts and is partially in the acinar cells?

Answer 4

centroacinar cells

Question 5

how do centroacinar cells appear on staining?

Answer 5

pale cells

Question 6

after going through the intercalated ducts…where do pancreatic secretions go next?

Answer 6

intralobular ducts and then main pancreatic ducts

Question 7

what is the shape of the classic liver lobule?

Answer 7

a hexagon

Question 8

what is at the center of the classic liver lobule?

Answer 8

central vein

Question 9

what is at the point of each side of the hexagon on the classic liver lobule?

Answer 9

portal triads

Question 10

what do portal triads consist of in the liver?

Answer 10

venule arteriole and bile duct1

Question 11

what is a hepatic acinus?

Answer 11

two adjacent liver lobules connected

Question 12

how is a hepatic acinus divided?

Answer 12

into three zones…123

Question 13

what zone gets the most oxygen and what zone gets the least?

Answer 13

zone1 gets the most since it is closest to the vessels running between the lobules…zone 3 gets the least

Question 14

what runs between adjacent plates of hepatocytes?

Answer 14

sinusoids

Question 15

do sinusoids in liver have fenestration?

Answer 15

you betcha

Question 16

what unique macrophage resides in the liver? where does it play its role?

Answer 16

Kupfffer cells are in the sinusoids

Question 17

what lies between the sinusoid and hepatocytes?

Answer 17

space of disse

Question 18

what cell resides in the space of disse?

Answer 18

ito or fat storing cells

Question 19

what is the role of ito/fat storing cells?

Answer 19

store fat…specifically vitamin A

and make collagen if liver is compromised

Question 20

what collects bile in the liver? where is it located?

Answer 20

bile canaliculi that are located between each hepatocyte

Question 21

what type of epithelium is in the gallbladder?

Answer 21

simple columnar with microvilli

Question 22

can the gallbladder absorb anything? if so what?

Answer 22

yes…absorbs water and bile

Question 23

what cell is present in the epithelium of the SI?

Answer 23

goblet cells

Question 24

what gland is present in the submucosa of the duodenum?

Answer 24

brunners glands

Question 25

what is always within the villi that are present in the SI?

Answer 25

lacteals

Question 26

name three types of connections between surface epithelial cells in the SI?

Answer 26

zonula occluden zonula adherins desmosomes

Question 27

name the five cells types of the SI

Answer 27

``` surface epithelial cell regenerative cell goblet cells enteroendocrine cells paneth cells ```

Question 28

what is the shape of the surface absorptive cells in the SI?

Answer 28

tall columnar cells with microvilli

Question 29

what do surface absorptive cells have on top of them in the SI

Answer 29

a glycocalyx

Question 30

what do goblet cells secrete?

Answer 30

mucinogen that turns into mucin

Question 31

what do paneth cells of the SI secrete?

Answer 31

lysozyme

Question 32

what do brunners glands of the duodenum secrete? (2)

Answer 32

alkaline fluid and urogastrone

Question 33

what does urogastrone do to the stomach? (2)

Answer 33

tells it to stop acid production and make cells divide

Question 34

what is the name of the plexus that innervates the muscularis externa in the SI?

Answer 34

Auerbachs myenteric plexus

Question 35

where is the auerbachs myenteric plexus found?

Answer 35

between the tow layers of the muscularis externa

Question 36

what is the plexus that innervates the muscularis mucoasae?

Answer 36

Meissners submucosal plexus

Question 37

where is the meissners submucosal plexus found?

Answer 37

in the submucosa just beneath the muscularis mucosae

Question 38

what does the appendix have that makes it different in structure from LI and SI?

Answer 38

has crypts of LARGE lymphoid tissue

Question 39

how does the LI differ from SI in general structure?

Answer 39

LI does not have the Brunners glands...all else is the same

Question 40

what cell does the LI not have that the SI does have?

Answer 40

paneth cells

Question 41

name the four cell types of LI

Answer 41

absorptive cell goblet cell regenerative cell enteroendocrine cell