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GI Prep > Peritoneal Cavity and Abdominal Vasculature > Flashcards

Peritoneal Cavity and Abdominal Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

name the two layers of the peritoneum?

A

visceral and parietal

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2
Q

what is between the visceral and parietal layers of the gut? what fills the cavity?

A

peritoneal cavity…filled with serous fluid

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3
Q

is the parietal layer sensed by visceral of general sensory fibers? what about the visceral layer?

A

general sensory for parietal and visceral for visceral

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4
Q

name the three urinary structures that are retroperitoneal?

A

kidneys
ureter
bladder

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5
Q

name the two circulatory structures that are retroperitoneal?

A

aorta and IVC

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6
Q

name the six GI structures that are retroperitoneal?

A 
esophagus
duodenum (except first part)
pancreas
ascending colon
descending colon
rectum
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7
Q

what is the mnemonic for retroperitoneal structures?

A 
Suprerenal glands
Aorta and IVC
Duodenum
Pancreas
Ureters
Colon
Kidneys
Esophagus
Rectum
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8
Q

if you lift up the greater omentum…what does it pull with it?

A

transverse colon

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9
Q

what does the lesser omentum mainly lye between?

A

liver and stomach

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10
Q

name the two ligaments of the lesser omentum

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

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11
Q

name the two compartments of the greater sac of the gut

A

supracolic

infracolic

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12
Q

name the three recesses of the greater sac of the gut

A

subphrenic
subhepatic
paracolic (gutters)

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13
Q

where is the lesser sac found in the gut?

A

under the lesser omentum…so behind stomach and liver

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14
Q

name the three recesses of the lesser sac

A

superior
inferior
splenic

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15
Q

what is the name of the opening between the lesser and greater sac of the gut?

A

omental foramen

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16
Q

name the four boundaries of the omental foramen

A

caudate lobe of liver
first part of duodenum
hepatoduodenal ligament
inferior vena cava

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17
Q

what vein is a boundary for the omental foramen?

A

IVC

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18
Q

what portion of the liver is a boundary for the omental foramen?

A

caudate lobe

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19
Q

what part of the small intestine is a boundary for the omental foramen?

A

duodenum

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20
Q

what three important structures are in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

common bile duct
portal vein
proper hepatic artery

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21
Q

what are mesenteries?

A

double layers of peritoneum that reflect off body wall and help suspend bodily organs

22
Q

what often travels in mesenteries to organs?

A

blood supply

23
Q

what is the root of a mesentery?

A

where the parietal layer reflects against the posterior body wall and leads to the start of a mesentery

24
Q

what is an peritoneal ligament made of?

A

double layers of peritoneum that link organs together

25
Q

what does the ligamentum teres hepatis link?

A

liver to liver

26
Q

what does the gastrolienal ligament link?

A

stomach and spleen

27
Q

what does the lienorenal ligament link?

A

spleen and kidney

28
Q

name the three arteries that supply the gut?

A

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

29
Q

name the three branches of the celiac trunk

A

common hepatic
splenic
left gastric

30
Q

what doe the celiac trunk arise from?

A

the aorta

31
Q

the celiac trunk supplies the foregut which includes what 6 structures

A 
esophagus
stomach
pancreas
part of duodenum
liver
spleen
32
Q

the hepatic artery branches into three arteries…name them

A

proper hepatic
right gastric
gastroduodenal

33
Q

name the two branches of the splenic artery

A

short gastric

left gastroepiploic

34
Q

what does the left gastric artery feed?

A

the lesser curvature of the stomach

35
Q

what artery feeds the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

the splenic artery

36
Q

what does the superior mesenteric artery arise from?

A

aorta around the level of the pancreas

37
Q

what 6 structures does the superior mesenteric artery provide blood supply to?

A 
jejunum
ileum
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
part of transverse colon
38
Q

name the six branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A 
right colic
middle colic
ileocolic
jejunal and ileal branches
appendicular 
inf. pancreaticoduodenal
39
Q

name four things the inferior mesenteric provides blood to

A

transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
proximal rectum

40
Q

what vessel from the superior mesenteric and anastamose and help out the transverse colon more with blood?

A

middle colic branch…AKA artery of Drummond

41
Q

what is the artery of drummond? what can it do?

A

middle colic artery…can anastamose and help the transverse colon if it is not getting enough supply from the left colic

42
Q

name the three branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

left colic
sigmoud
superior rectal

43
Q

what is the hepatic portal system?

A

veins from gut meet and form hepatic vein that goes through the liver to be filtered before entering circulation again

44
Q

what three veins form the portal vein of the hepatic system?

A

splenic vein
superior mesenteric vein
inferior mesenteric vein

45
Q

if you have an obstruction in the liver flow of blood…what can happen?

A

blood can be re-routed around the liver

46
Q

where can the left gastric vein be routed if liver has back up?

A

esophageal veins and into azygos veins

47
Q

where can the paraumbilical veins be re routed if liver is backed up?

A

superficial veins on abdominal wall

48
Q

where can the superior rectal veins be re routed if liver is backed up?

A

middle and inferior rectal veins1

49
Q

if you have liver cirrhosis and blood is routed around the liver…what are you at risk for?

A

hemorrhoids

50
Q

what is the clinical sign of rectum anastomosis?

A

anorectal varices (varicose veins)

51
Q

what is the clinical sign of umbilicus anastomosis?

A

caput (superficial systemic blood flow) varices

52
Q

what is the clinical sign of esophagus anastomosis?

A

esophageal varices

GI Prep (12 decks)

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