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Large Animal Medicine > Upper GI Diseases - Bovine > Flashcards

Upper GI Diseases - Bovine Flashcards

1
Q

Causative agent of Vesicular Stomatitis

A

Rhabdoviridae

- bullet-shaped virus

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2
Q

Transmission of Vesicular Stomatitis

A

vectors and direct contact

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3
Q

Incubation period of Vesicular Stomatitis

A

3-14 days

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4
Q

Clinical signs of Vesicular Stomatitis

A
  • vesicles on tongue, lips, muzzle, interdigital skin, and teats
  • excessive salivation and feed refusal
  • possible lameness
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5
Q

What to do if you suspect Vesicular Stomatitis

A
  • isolate animals
  • call federal authorities
  • give soft feed and water
  • no movement on or off property for 30 days after last clinical sign
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6
Q

Causative agent of Foot and Mouth Disease

A

Picornavirus

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7
Q

Which animals are most clinically affected by FMD?

A

cattle and swine

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8
Q

Transmission of FMD

A

aerosol, direct contact, or fomites

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9
Q

Incubation period of FMD

A

2-4 days

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10
Q

Clinical signs of FMD

A
  • excessive salivation, smacking of lips

- vesicles on mouth mucosa, tongue, palate, teats, nares, interdigital skin, and coronary band

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11
Q

What to do if you suspect FMD

A
  • quarantine animals immediately
  • slaughter all affected and in contact animals
  • call federal authorities
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12
Q

Causative agent of Bovine Papular Stomatitis

A

Parapoxvirus

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13
Q

Clinical signs of Bovine Papular Stomatitis

A

raised papules on muzzle, lips, and oral mucosa

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14
Q

Causative agent of Actinomycosis

A

Actinomyces bovis

- normal inhabitant of oral and respiratory tract

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15
Q

Clinical signs of Actinomycosis

A

Lumpy jaw

  • osteomyelitis of mandible or maxilla
  • slow growing, firm, and non-painful
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16
Q

Diagnosis of Actinomycosis

A

identification in smear of exudate

- gram +, club shaped rods and filaments

17
Q

Treatment of Actinomycosis

A
  • IV 20% sodium iodide solution
  • several treatments 5-10 days apart
  • +/- antibiotics and debridement
18
Q

Sign of sodium iodide toxicity

A

dandruff

19
Q

Causative agent of Actinobacillosis

A

Actinobacillus lignieresii

- normal inhabitant of GIT

20
Q

Clinical signs of Actinobacillosis

A
  • Wooden tongue (granulomatous glossitis)
  • dysphagia, drooling, protrusion of tongue
  • granulomas of head and neck region
21
Q

Diagnosis of Actinobacillosis

A
  • presumptive with wounds that head with excessive granulation, and are painful and exudative
  • sulfur granules within lesions
  • isolation of organism is definitive
22
Q

Treatment of Actinobacillosis

A
  • IV 20% sodium iodide solution
  • several treatments 5-10 days apart
  • +/- antibiotics and debridement
23
Q

Clinical signs of pharyngeal lacerations/retropharyngeal abscesses

A
  • mild cases show inappetance
  • respiratory distress in severe cases
  • head and neck extension
  • necrotic odor of breath
  • inspiratory distress due to swelling
  • can lead to death
24
Q

Diagnosis of pharyngeal lacerations/retropharyngeal abscesses

A
  • mouth speculum or endoscopy

- radiographs and ultrasound

25
Q

Treatment of pharyngeal lacerations/retropharyngeal abscesses

A
  • mild cases resolve on their own

- larger cases: lavage area, rumen fistula if off-feed

26
Q

Causative agent of calf diphthera

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum

- normal inhabitant of oral cavity

27
Q

Clinical signs of calf diphthera

A
  • “barking calves”
  • extended head and neck
  • respiratory distress
28
Q

Treatment of calf diphthera

A
  • antibiotics for mild form

- temporary tracheotomy and tube feeding is respiratory distress

29
Q

Clinical signs of esophageal obstruction/choke

A
  • anxious
  • head and neck in extension
  • frequent salivation
  • retching motions
  • possible respiratory distress and death
30
Q

Treatment of esophageal obstruction/choke

A
  • passage of large bore orogastric tube

- +/- lavage and sedation

Large Animal Medicine (16 decks)

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