Upper GI Diseases - Bovine Flashcards
Causative agent of Vesicular Stomatitis
Rhabdoviridae
- bullet-shaped virus
Transmission of Vesicular Stomatitis
vectors and direct contact
Incubation period of Vesicular Stomatitis
3-14 days
Clinical signs of Vesicular Stomatitis
- vesicles on tongue, lips, muzzle, interdigital skin, and teats
- excessive salivation and feed refusal
- possible lameness
What to do if you suspect Vesicular Stomatitis
- isolate animals
- call federal authorities
- give soft feed and water
- no movement on or off property for 30 days after last clinical sign
Causative agent of Foot and Mouth Disease
Picornavirus
Which animals are most clinically affected by FMD?
cattle and swine
Transmission of FMD
aerosol, direct contact, or fomites
Incubation period of FMD
2-4 days
Clinical signs of FMD
- excessive salivation, smacking of lips
- vesicles on mouth mucosa, tongue, palate, teats, nares, interdigital skin, and coronary band
What to do if you suspect FMD
- quarantine animals immediately
- slaughter all affected and in contact animals
- call federal authorities
Causative agent of Bovine Papular Stomatitis
Parapoxvirus
Clinical signs of Bovine Papular Stomatitis
raised papules on muzzle, lips, and oral mucosa
Causative agent of Actinomycosis
Actinomyces bovis
- normal inhabitant of oral and respiratory tract
Clinical signs of Actinomycosis
Lumpy jaw
- osteomyelitis of mandible or maxilla
- slow growing, firm, and non-painful
Diagnosis of Actinomycosis
identification in smear of exudate
- gram +, club shaped rods and filaments
Treatment of Actinomycosis
- IV 20% sodium iodide solution
- several treatments 5-10 days apart
- +/- antibiotics and debridement
Sign of sodium iodide toxicity
dandruff
Causative agent of Actinobacillosis
Actinobacillus lignieresii
- normal inhabitant of GIT
Clinical signs of Actinobacillosis
- Wooden tongue (granulomatous glossitis)
- dysphagia, drooling, protrusion of tongue
- granulomas of head and neck region
Diagnosis of Actinobacillosis
- presumptive with wounds that head with excessive granulation, and are painful and exudative
- sulfur granules within lesions
- isolation of organism is definitive
Treatment of Actinobacillosis
- IV 20% sodium iodide solution
- several treatments 5-10 days apart
- +/- antibiotics and debridement
Clinical signs of pharyngeal lacerations/retropharyngeal abscesses
- mild cases show inappetance
- respiratory distress in severe cases
- head and neck extension
- necrotic odor of breath
- inspiratory distress due to swelling
- can lead to death
Diagnosis of pharyngeal lacerations/retropharyngeal abscesses
- mouth speculum or endoscopy
- radiographs and ultrasound
