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Large Animal Medicine > Small Ruminant Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Small Ruminant Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the lambs who are born to dams infected with enzootic abortion of ewes at 60-90 days before parturition

A

weak, poor doing lambs

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2
Q

Describe the lambs who are born to dams infected with enzootic abortion of ewes at 10-30 days before parturition

A

normal lambs, but ewe lambs can carry the disease and abort their first lamb

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3
Q

What is the effect of vibriosis/campylobacter on pregnant ewes?

A

late gestation abortions or weak lambs that die

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4
Q

Describe the lambs who are born to dams infected with bluetongue virus during or shortly after breeding

A

dummy lambs related to cerebellar hypoplasia

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5
Q

What are the main diseases of the first 5 days of life?

A
  • Navel ill (septicemia, rapid death)
  • Pasteurella pneumonia (rapid death)
  • Enterotoxigenic E. col (rapid death)
  • Clostridium type A (rapid death, slobbering)
  • Clostridium type C (rapid death, bloody diarrhea)
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6
Q

What are the main diseases of animals 5 days to 3 weeks in age?

A
  • Cryptosporidia (scours)
  • C. perfringens type C (death bloody diarrhea)
  • Pneumonia (death or poor doers)
  • Salmonella
  • Erysipelas (swollen joints, navel ill)
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7
Q

What are the main diseases of animals 3 weeks to weaning?

A
  • Coccidiosis (sudden death, mucky bottoms)
  • C. perfringens type C (sudden death, bloody diarrhea)
  • C. perfringens type D (sudden death)
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8
Q

What organism causes caseous lymphadenitis?

A

Cornyebacterium pseudotuberculosis

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9
Q

How is caseous lymphadenitis spread?

A
  • contact with pus from subcutaneous abscesses
  • respiratory secretions is abscesses in lungs
  • once infected, animal is infected for life
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10
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with caseous lymphadenitis?

A
  • abscesses in or near lymph nodes, in the thorax, or in the abdomen
  • abscesses filled with thick yellow-green pus
  • chronic wasting, respiratory distress, cough
  • neurologic signs depending on location
  • “thin ewe syndrome”
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11
Q

How is caseous lymphadenitis diagnosed?

A
  • bacterial culture (definitive dx)

- ELISA for screening

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12
Q

What is the causative agent of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis?

A

non-oncogenic retrovirus

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13
Q

How is Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis transmitted?

A

transmitted via colostrum

poor milking hygiene

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14
Q

What is the most common clinical manifestation of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis?

A

widespread and chronic polyarthritis

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15
Q

What are the clinical syndromes of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis?

A
  • arthritis
  • leukoencephalomyelitis
  • interstitial pneumonia
  • mastitis
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16
Q

How is Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis diagnosed?

A

serological testing

- AGID, PCR

17
Q

What is the causative agent of contagious ecthyma?

A

parapoxvirus

18
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of contagious ecthyma?

A
  • papules progress to vesicles, pustules, and scabs
  • crusty, proliferative lesions for on the lips
  • may lead to secondary bacterial infections
19
Q

What is the causative agent of Johne’s disease?

A

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis

20
Q

What is the causative agent of malignant edema?

A

clostridium

21
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with Bluetongue?

A
  • fever, edema of face, muzzle, and ears
  • petechiae and ulcers on dental pad
  • lameness
  • diarrhea, emaciation
  • cyanosis of tongue uncommon
22
Q

What is the main causative agent of enterotoxemia?

A

Clostridium perfringens type D

23
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with enterotoxemia?

A
  • rapid onset of severe depression, abdominal pain, profuse bloody diarrhea, and neurologic signs
  • full rumen, hyperemic intestine, glucosuria, hydropericardium
  • pulpy kidney
24
Q

How can enterotoxemia be prevented?

A
  • vaccination
  • gradual diet changes
  • oxytetracycline in feed
25
Q

The most important infectious bacterial pneumonia in sheep/goats is caused by which organisms?

A

Mannheimia haemolytica type A

P. multocida

26
Q

What are the possible sequels to pneumonia in sheep and goats?

A
  • septicemia
  • arthritis
  • otitis media
27
Q

How is Mannheima haemolytica infection treated?

A
  • long acting oxytetracycline
  • Penicillin G
  • Florfenicol
28
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with parainfluenzat type 3?

A

coughing
serous nasal discharge
+/- ocular discharge

29
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with respiratory syncytial virus?

A

anorexia
pyrexia
conjunctivitis
cough

30
Q

Which organism is the cause of mycoplasma pneumonia in sheep?
How is it transmitted?

A

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

transmitted by respiratory route

31
Q

Which organism is the cause of mycoplasma pneumonia in goats?
How is it transmitted?

A

Mycoplasma mycoides in cluster with others

transmitted orally to kids through contaminated milk or colostrum

32
Q

What organism is the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae

33
Q

What is the causative agent of ovine progressive pneumonia?

A

ovine retroviruses

34
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with ovine progressive pneumonia?

A

dyspnea and respiratory distress

chronic wasting associated with “thin ewe syndrome”

35
Q

How is ovine progressive pneumonia transmitted?

A

aerosol and infected milk/colostrum

36
Q

How is ovine progressive pneumonia diagnosed?

A
  • AGID
  • ELISA
  • PCR

Large Animal Medicine (16 decks)

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