Small Ruminant Cardio/Musculoskeletal/Other Flashcards
What are the clinical signs associated with congestive heart failure?
- jugular pulse, distension
- moist cough, tachycardia, submandibular edema
- ascites, exercise intolerance, chronic weight loss
What organisms is the cause of filarial dermatitis in sheep?
Elaeophoria schneideri
What is the pathogenesis of filarial dermatitis in sheep?
- chronic disease in sheep grazing at high altitude in summer
- larvae migrate into common carotid and internal maxillary arteries
What are the clinical signs associated with filarial dermatitis?
- blindness, deafness, and circling
- severe dermatitis on poll, forehead, face, feet, and ventral abdomen
Which plants cause heart failure and sudden death in sheep?
- Foxglove
- Lily of the Valley
- Yew
What is the causative agent for Heart Water disease?
Erhlichia ruminatium
What are the clinical findings associated with Heart Water disease?
- muffled heart sounds
- peracute dz: fever, sudden collapse, convulsions
- acute dz: depression, anorexia, fever, labored breathing, rumen shut down
- subacute dz: fever, coughing, watery eyes, dyspnea, mild nervous signs
How is Heart Water disease treated?
tetracyclines
What are the clinical signs associated with ionphore toxicity in sheep?
- hyperesthesia and tremors
- recumbency, convulsions, and lack of PLR
- anorexia, diarrhea, rumen stasis
What is the primary causative agent of infectious foot rot?
Dichelobacter nodosus
What are the other infectious agents associated with infectious foot rot?
- Fusobacterium necrophorum
- Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Mycoplasma arthritis is most common in which animals?
young kids
yearling dairy breeds
What are the clinical signs associated with Mycoplasma arthritis?
- septicemia, high fever
- anorexia, weakness, rough hair coat
- joint becomes hot, swollen, and painful
Bacterial polyarthritis is most common in which animals?
neonates
- sequel to omphalophlebitis
Which organisms are the most common causative agents for bacterial polyarthritis?
- Arcanobacterium pyogenes
- E. coli
- Strept and Staph
What are the clinical signs associated with bacterial poly arthritis?
- hot, swollen, and painful joints
- moderate fever
Bentleg or Bowie is most commonly found in which animals?
lambs grazed on pastures with phosphorous deficiency
What is the treatment for clostridial myositis and myonecrosis?
Penicillin
What is “Pizzle Rot”?
ulcerative posthitis
What is the causative agent of pizzle rot?
C. renale
Describe the pathogenesis of Pizzle Rot
- high protein diet increases urea content of urine
- bacteria hydrolyze urea into ammonia which is cytotoxic
What are the clinical signs associated with C. tetani infection?
- “sawhorse” stance
- 3rd eyelid protrusion
- hyperesthesia
What are the most common causative agents of mastitis in sheep?
- Staph aureus
- Pasteurella
- Strept spp.
Which organism is responsible for Club Lamb Fungus?
Trichophyton spp.
How is Club Lamb Fungus treated?
Lime Sulfur dip
What conditions predispose to rectal prolapse?
- over conditioned
- diarrhea
- parasitism
- coughing
- short tail docking
When should animals be given CDT vaccination?
- 1 and 2 months of age
- 6 months
- annually
- 1 month before parturition
Which plants are associated with vomiting in the sheep/goat?
Ericaceae family
- Rhododendron, Laurels, Azaleas
What is Scrapie?
fatal, degenerative disease affecting the CNS
- oldest known transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
What are the clinical signs associated with Scrapie?
- behavior changes, nervousness or aggression, intense rubbing and locomotor incoordination
- tremors, head pressing, wool pulling
What is hypotrichiosis?
partial or complete absence of hair coat
Which species of sheep is most prone to congenital hypotrichiosis?
Polled dorset
Which species of sheep is most prone to inherited hyperbilirubinemia and photosensitization?
Southdown
