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BUPA Anatomy > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the static stabilizers of the shoulder (7)?

A 
Glenohumeral ligament (superior, middle, inferior)
Coracohumeral ligament
Coracoclavicular ligament
Coracoacromial ligament
Acromioclavicular ligament
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2
Q

What are the 3 elbow ligaments?

A

Annular ligament
Radial collateral ligament
Ulnar ligament

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3
Q

What are the 7 forearm and hand ligaments?

A 
Radioulnar
Radiocarpal
Ulnocarpal
Intercarpal
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal
Interphalangeal
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4
Q

What are the 3 metacarpophalangeal ligaments?

A

Volar plates
Collateral ligaments
Transverse metacarpal ligaments

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5
Q

What are the 2 interphalangeal ligaments?

A

Volar plates

Collateral ligaments

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6
Q

What are the branches of Part I of the axillary artery?

A

Superior thoracic artery

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7
Q

What are the branches of Part II of the axillary artery?

A

Thoracoacromial trunk

Lateral thoracic artery

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8
Q

What are the branches of Part III of the axillary artery?

A

Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
Posterior humeral circumflex artery

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9
Q

What does the axillary artery branch into?

A

Brachial artery

Deep brachial artery

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10
Q

What are the arteries of the hand?

A 
Radial artery
Ulnar artery
Superficial palmar arches
Deep palmar arches
Digital arteries
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11
Q

What are the contents of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Radial artery
Scaphoid
Superficial branch of the radial nerve

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12
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicus longus

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13
Q

What are the main veins of the arm?

A

Cephalic
Basilic
Median cubital vein

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14
Q

Action of pectoralis major

A

ADDuction, internal rotation, and flexion of shoulder

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15
Q

Nerve supply of pectoralis major

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

Medial pectoral nerve

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16
Q

Blood supply of pectoralis major

A

Pectoral artery

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17
Q

Action of pectoralis minor

A

Stabilizes scapula

Protraction, depression, downward rotation of scapula

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18
Q

Nerve supply of pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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19
Q

Blood supply of pectoralis minor

A

Pectoral artery

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20
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Protraction of scapula
Upward rotation of scapula
Holds scapula to thoracic wall

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21
Q

Nerve supply of serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

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22
Q

Blood supply of serratus anterior

A

Lateral thoracic nerve

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23
Q

What would a “winged” scapula indicate?

A

Damage to the long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

Action of the superior, middle, and inferior trapezius

A

Superior: elevates scapula
Middle: retracts scapula
Inferior: depresses scapula
All: glenoid rotation

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25
Q

Nerve supply of the trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

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26
Q

Blood supply of the trapezius

A

Transverse cervical artery

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27
Q

Action of latissimus dorsi

A

Extends, ADDuction, and internally rotates shoulder

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28
Q

Nerve supply of latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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29
Q

Blood supply of latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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30
Q

Action of anterior, middle, and posterior deltoid

A

Anterior: flexes shoulder
Middle: abducts shoulder
Posterior: extends/externally rotates shoulder

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31
Q

Nerve supply of deltoid

A

Axillary nerve

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32
Q

Blood supply of deltoid

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA)

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33
Q

Action of teres minor

A

External rotation of shoulder

Stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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34
Q

Nerve supply of teres minor

A

Axillary nerve

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35
Q

Blood supply of teres minor

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA)

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36
Q

Action of teres major

A

ADDuction, extension, and internal rotation of shoulder

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37
Q

Nerve supply of teres major

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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38
Q

Blood supply of teres major

A

Circumflex scapular artery

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39
Q

What nerve would most likely be affected in anterior shoulder dislocations?

A

Axillary nerve

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40
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles (dynamic stabilizers)?

A

SITS

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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41
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

Internal rotation and ADDuction of shoulder

Stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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42
Q

Nerve supply of subscapularis

A

Upper subscapular nerve

Lower subscapular nerve

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43
Q

Blood supply of subscapularis

A

Circumflex scapular artery

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44
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

External rotation of shoulder

Stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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45
Q

Blood supply of infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular artery

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46
Q

Nerve supply of infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

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47
Q

Action of supraspinatus

A

Abduction of shoulder

Stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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48
Q

Nerve supply of supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

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49
Q

Blood supply of supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular artery

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50
Q

What is the most commonly damaged muscle in rotator cuff tears?

A

Supraspinatus

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51
Q

Action of biceps brachii

A

Flexion of shoulder
Flexion of elbow
Supination of forearm

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52
Q

Nerve supply of biceps brachii

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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53
Q

Blood supply of biceps brachii

A

Brachial artery

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54
Q

Action of brachialis

A

Flexion of elbow

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55
Q

Nerve supply of brachialis

A

Musculocutanous nerve

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56
Q

Blood supply of brachialis

A

Brachial artery

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57
Q

Action of choracobrachialis

A

Flexion and ADDuction of shoulder

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58
Q

Nerve supply of choracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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59
Q

Blood supply of choracobrachialis

A

Brachial artery

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60
Q

What are the extensors of the elbow?

A

Triceps brachii

Anconeus

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61
Q

Action of the triceps brachii

A

Extension of elbow

Extension of shoulder

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62
Q

Nerve supply of triceps brachii

A

Radial nerve

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63
Q

Blood supply of triceps brachii

A

Brachial profunda artery

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64
Q

Action of anconeus

A

Extension of elbow

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65
Q

Nerve supply of anconeus

A

Radial nerve

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66
Q

Blood supply of anconeus

A

Recurrent interosseous artery

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67
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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68
Q

What are the muscles of the intermediate anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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69
Q

What are the muscles of the deep anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicus longus
Pronator quadratus

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70
Q

Action of pronator teres

A

Pronation of forearm

Flexion of elbow

71
Q

Nerve supply of pronator teres

A

Median nerve

72
Q

Blood supply of pronator teres

A

Ulnar artery

73
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexion and radial deviation of wrist

74
Q

Nerve supply of flexor carpi radialis

A

Median nerve

75
Q

Blood supply of flexor carpi radialis

A

Ulnar artery

76
Q

Action of palmaris longus

A

Flexion of wrist

77
Q

Nerve supply of palmaris longus

A

Median nerve

78
Q

Blood supply of palmaris longus

A

Ulnar artery

79
Q

Action of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexion and ulnar deviation of wrist

80
Q

Nerve supply of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar nerve

81
Q

Blood supply of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar artery

82
Q

Action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Flexion of digits 2-5 at MCP and PIP joints

Flexion of wrist

83
Q

Nerve supply of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Median nerve

84
Q

Blood supply of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Ulnar artery

85
Q

Action of pronator quadratus

A

Pronation of forearm

86
Q

Blood supply of pronator quadratus

A

Anterior interosseous artery

87
Q

Nerve supply of pronator quadratus

A

Median nerve

88
Q

Action of flexor pollicis longus

A

Flexion of thumb at IP joint

89
Q

Nerve supply of flexor pollicis longus

A

Median nerve

90
Q

Blood supply of flexor pollicis longus

A

Anterior interosseous artery

91
Q

Action of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexion of digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP joints

Flexion of wrist

92
Q

Nerve supply of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Digits 2/3: median nerve

Digits 4/5: ulnar nerve

93
Q

Blood supply of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Anterior interosseous artery

94
Q

Where do the flexor-pronator muscles originate?

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

95
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
96
Q

Damage to what nerve causes wrist drop?

A

Radial nerve

97
Q

Action of brachioradialis

A

Flexion of elbow

98
Q

Nerve supply of brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve

99
Q

Blood supply of brachioradialis

A

Radial artery

100
Q

Action of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Extension and radial deviation of wrist

101
Q

Nerve supply of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Radial nerve

102
Q

Blood supply of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Radial artery

103
Q

Action of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Extension of wrist

104
Q

Nerve supply of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Radial nerve

105
Q

Blood supply of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Radial artery

106
Q

Action of extensor digitorum

A

Extension of digits 2-5 at MCP joints

Extension of wrist

107
Q

Nerve supply of extensor digitorum

A

Radial nerve

108
Q

Blood supply of extensor digitorum

A

Radial artery

109
Q

Action of extensor digiti minimi

A

Extension of digit 5 at MCP joint

Extension of wrist

110
Q

Nerve supply of extensor digiti minimi

A

Radial nerve

111
Q

Blood supply of extensor digiti minimi

A

Radial artery

112
Q

Action of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extension and ulnar deviation of wrist

113
Q

Nerve supply of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Radial nerve

114
Q

Blood supply of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Radial artery

115
Q

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicus longus
Extensor pollicus longus
Extensor pollicus brevis
Extensor indicis
116
Q

Action of supinator

A

Supination of forearm

117
Q

Nerve supply of supinator

A

Radial nerve

118
Q

Blood supply of supinator

A

Posterior interosseous artery

119
Q

Action of abductor pollicus longus

A

ABduction of 1st metacarpal of thumb at CMC joint

120
Q

Nerve supply of abductor pollicus longus

A

Radial nerve

121
Q

Blood supply of abductor pollicus longus

A

Posterior interosseous artery

122
Q

Action of extensor pollicus longus

A

Extension of thumb at IP joint

Radial deviation of wrist

123
Q

Nerve supply of extensor pollicus longus

A

Radial nerve

124
Q

Blood supply of extensor pollicus longus

A

Posterior interosseous artery

125
Q

Action of extensor pollicus brevis

A

Extension of thumb at MCP joint

Radial deviation of wrist

126
Q

Nerve supply of extensor pollicus brevis

A

Radial nerve

127
Q

Blood supply of extensor pollicus brevis

A

Posterior interosseous artery

128
Q

Action of extensor indicis

A

Extension of digit 2 at MCP joint

Extension of wrist

129
Q

Nerve supply of extensor indicis

A

Radial nerve

130
Q

Blood supply of extensor indicis

A

Posterior interosseous artery

131
Q

What are the thenar muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis

132
Q

Action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

ABduction of thumb at CMC joint

133
Q

Nerve supply of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

134
Q

Blood supply of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Radial artery

135
Q

Action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexion of thumb at MCP joint

136
Q

Nerve supply of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

137
Q

Blood supply of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Radial artery

138
Q

Action of opponens pollicis

A

Opposition of thumb at CMC joint

139
Q

Nerve supply of opponens pollicis

A

Median nerve

140
Q

Blood supply of opponens pollicis

A

Radial artery

141
Q

Action of adductor pollicis

A

ADDuction of 1st metacarpal at CMC joint

142
Q

Nerve supply of adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar nerve

143
Q

Blood supply of adductor pollicis

A

Radial artery

144
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles of the hand?

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

145
Q

Action of abductor digiti minimi

A

ABduction of proximal phalanx of digit 5 at MCP joint

146
Q

Nerve supply of abductor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

147
Q

Blood supply of abductor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar artery

148
Q

Action of flexor digiti minimi

A

Flexion of digit 5 at MCP joint

149
Q

Nerve supply of flexor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

150
Q

Blood supply of flexor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar artery

151
Q

Action of opponens digiti minimi

A

Opposition of digit 5 at CMC joint

152
Q

Nerve supply of opponens digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

153
Q

Blood supply of opponens digiti minimi

A

Ulnar artery

154
Q

Nerve supply of palmaris brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

155
Q

Action of lumbricals

A

Flexion of digits 2-5 at MCP joints

Extension of digits 2-5 at PIP and DIP joints

156
Q

Origin of lumbricals

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

157
Q

Nerve supply of lumbricals

A

Digits 2/3: median nerve

Digits 4/5: ulnar nerve

158
Q

Blood supply of lumbricals

A

Deep palmar arch

159
Q

Action of dorsal interossei

A

DAB and PAD

ABduction of digits 2-4 at MCP joints

160
Q

Nerve supply of dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

161
Q

Blood supply of dorsal interossei

A

Deep palmar arch

162
Q

Action of palmar interossei

A

DAB and PAD

ADDuction of digits 2, 4, and 5 at MCP joints

163
Q

Nerve supply of palmar interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

164
Q

Blood supply of palmar interossei

A

Deep palmar arch

165
Q

What are the roots, trunks, and cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Roots: C5-T1
Trunks: superior, middle, inferior
Divisions: anterior and posterior from each trunk
Cords: lateral, posterior, medial

166
Q

What part of the hand does the median nerve supply sensation for?

A

Palmar: Most of radial side, digits 1-3
Dorsal: tips of digits 1-3

167
Q

What part of the hand does the radial nerve supply sensation for?

A

Radial side of the dorsal hand

168
Q

What part of the hand does the ulnar nerve supply sensation for?

A

Whole ulnar side and digits 4-5

169
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon
Flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Flexor pollicis longus tendon

170
Q

What makes up the floor and the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Floor: carpal bones
Roof: flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)

171
Q

What are some sings of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Thenar atrophy

Tingling of digits 1-3

172
Q

What nerve makes up the “funny bone”?

A

Ulnar nerve

173
Q

What are the joints of the shoulder girdle?

A

Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Glenohumeral

BUPA Anatomy (13 decks)

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