Abdomen Flashcards
Sensory innervation of the abdominal wall
Cutaneous branches of T7-T12
Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)
Build up of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Ascites
Attaches intraperitoneal viscera to abdominal wall
Mesentary
Connects liver to abdominal wall
Falciform ligament
Drapes over abdominal wall like a fatty apron
Greater omentum
3 parts of the greater omentum
Gastrophrenic ligament
Gastrosplenic ligament
Gastrocolic ligament
Connects stomach to liver
Lesser omentum
2 parts of the lesser omentum
Hepatogastric ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Subdivision of the peritoneal cavity behind the stomach
Lesser sac
Communication between the lesser and greater sac of the peritoneal cavity
Foramen of Winslow
What organs are found in the foregut? Main artery? Main vein? Lymph?
- Esophagus/stomach/superior+descending duodenum/pancreas/liver/gallbladder
- Celiac trunk
- gastric and splenic veins
- celiac nodes
What organs are found in the midgut? Main artery? Main vein? Lymph?
- horizontal+ascending duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, 2/3 transverse colon
- superior mesenteric artery
- superior mesenteric vein
- superior mesenteric lymph nodes
What organs are found in the hindgut? Main artery? Main vein? Lymph?
- 1/3 transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
- inferior mesenteric artery
- inferior mesenteric vein
- inferior mesenteric lymph nodes
Separates the esophagus and stomach interiorly
Z line
Separates the esophagus and stomach exteriorly
Inferior esophageal sphincter (diaphragm sling)
Parts of the stomach
Cardia (under the esophagus) Fundus Body Greater and lesser curvature Pyloric antrum Pyloric canal
Duct outside of the duodenum
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Duct inside the duodenum
Major duodenal papilla
Drains into the major duodenal papillla
Main pancreatic duct
Common bile duct
Drains into the minor duodenal papilla
Accessory pancreatic duct
Connected to falciform ligament; remnants of the umbilical vein
Ligamentum teres/round ligament
Boundary between duodenum and jejunum
Duodenojejunal flexure
Difference between ileum and jejunum?
Jejunum - longer vasa recta; shorter plicaea circularis
Ileum - shorter vasa recta; longer plicaea circularis
Remnant of yolk stalk; 3-6 cm pouch; presents like appendicitis
Meckel’s diverticulum
What distinguishes the large intestine from the small intestine?
Teniae Coli
Haustra
Omental appendices
What are the flexures of colon?
Hepatic flexure
Splenic flexure
What connects the ileum to the cecum?
Ileocecal junction/valve
What parts of the colon are secondarily retroperitoneal?
Ascending and descending
Vertebral level of celiac trunk
T12
Vertebral level of SMA
L1
Vertebral level of IMA
L3
Vertebral level of bifurcation of aorta
L4
The celiac trunk gives off which branches?
Splenic artery
Left gastric artery
Common hepatic artery
What is in the portal triad? What is it enclosed by?
Includes: portal vein, proper hepatic artery, bile duct
Hepatoduodenal ligament
What drains into the portal vein?
IMA (via splenic vein)
Gastric vein
SMA
Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the foregut
S: greater splanchnic nerve
P: vagus nerve
Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the midgut
S: lesser splanchnic nerve
P: vagus nerve
Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut
S: lumbar splanchnic nerve
P: pelvic splanchnic nerve
Can be a result of portal hypertension
Esophageal varies
Capute medusae
Hemorroids
